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1、2019/5/22,1,English for Electrical Information,Translation techniques English-Chinese Chinese-English,电气信息类科技英语,2019/5/22,2,Unit 1 An Introduction to EST,1 The Conception of EST ESP-English for Special Purposes ESP consists of EAP, EOP and EST. EAP-English for Academic Purposes EOP-English for Vocat
2、ional or Occupational Purposes EST-English for Science and Technology,电气信息类科技英语,2019/5/22,3,EAP Every term paper is a highly individualized piece of work. Nonetheless, there are some general rules and guidelines to follow in gathering, selecting, and recording information for the rough draft of a pa
3、per. Different topics will require the use of different information sources, but there a number of reference tools that every student should be able to use with ease.,电气信息类科技英语,2019/5/22,4,EOP A wide variety of accommodation is available to the modern tourist. It varies from the guest house or touri
4、st home with one or two rooms to grand luxury hotels with hundreds of rooms. A feature of Europe is the pension, a small establishment with perhaps ten to twenty guest rooms.,电气信息类科技英语,2019/5/22,5,EST EST General English Grammar + Technical Words ESST-English for Specialized Science and Technology(专
5、业科技英语),Capacitors Capacitors play a vital role in modern electronics. A capacitor is a device consisting of two conductors separated by vacuum or an insulating material. Capacitors are used in a wide variety of electric circuits and are a vital part of modern electronics. When charges of equal magni
6、tude and opposite sign are placed on the conductors of a capacitor, an electric field is established in the region between them, with a corresponding potential difference between the conductors. The relations among charge, field, and,电气信息类科技英语,2019/5/22,6,potential can be analyzed by using the resul
7、ts of the two preceding chapters. For a given capacitor, the ratio of charge to potential difference is a constant, called the capacitance. Placing charges on the conductors requires an input of energy; this energy is stored in the capacitor and can be regarded as associated with the electric field
8、in the space between conductors. When this space contains an insulating material (a dielectric) rather than vacuum, the capacitance is increased. When we speak of a capacitor as having charge Q, we mean that the conductor at higher potential has a charge Q and the conductor at lower potential has a
9、charge Q (assuming Q is a positive quantity). This interpretation should be kept in mind in the following discussion and examples.,电气信息类科技英语,2019/5/22,7,ECST-English for Common Science and Technology (通俗科技英语) Computer Engineering Computer engineering involves the development and application of compu
10、ter system, which perform tasks, such as mathematical calculations or electronic communication, under the control of a set of instructions called a program. Programs usually reside within the computer and are retrieved and processed by the computers electronics, and the program results are stored or
11、 routed to output devices, such as video display monitors or printers. Computers are used to perform a wide variety of activities with reliability, accuracy, and speed.,电气信息类科技英语,2019/5/22,8,2 Basic Features of EST,Refer to the example “Natural and Synthetic Rubber” on page 3,2.1 Writing style of ES
12、T,Scientificity Standardability Conciseness,电气信息类科技英语,2019/5/22,9,2.2 Syntax and rhetoric features of EST,Example 1 Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine. 应当注意机器的工作温度。 You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine . Example 2 This steel alloy is believed
13、 to be the best available here. Example 3 Computers may be classified as analog and digital. Example 4 The switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened three times .,2.2.1 Passive sentences are used widely,电气信息类科技英语,2019/5/22,10,Ex 5 The temperature of the liquid is raised by the applicati
14、on of heat. Ex 6 Useful facts may be collected either by making careful observation or by setting up experiment. Ex 7It seems that these two branches of science are mutually dependent and interacting . Ex 8 It has been proved that induced voltage causes a current to flow in opposition to the force p
15、roducing it.,电气信息类科技英语,2019/5/22,11,Example 1 With the advent of the space shuttle, it will be possible to put an orbiting solar power plant in stationary orbit 24000 miles from the earth that would collect solar energy almost continuously and convert this energy either directly to electricity via p
16、hotovoltaic cells or indirectly with flat-plate or focused collectors that would boil a carrying medium to produce steam that would drive a turbine that then in turn would generate electricity.,2.2.2 Sentences are longer with less varied patterns,译文：随着航天飞机的出现,有可能把一个沿轨道运行的太阳能发电站送到离地球24,000英里的一条定常轨道上去。这个太阳能发电站几乎不间断地采取太阳能。它还能够用光电池将太阳能直接转换成电能,或者用平板集热器或聚焦集热器将太阳能间接转换成电能,即集热器使热传导体汽化,驱动涡轮机发电。,电气信息类科技英语,2019/5/22,12,Ex 2 Only by studying such cases of human intelligence with all the details and by
