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1、Unit 10 AUTOMOBILE STEERING SYSTEM TEXT A Steering System Turning the Car,Steering Gear Rack-and-pinion Steering,Recirculating-ball Steering,New Words radius 5reidjEs n. 半径 perpendicular 7pE:pEn5dikjulE adj. 垂直的，正交的；n. 垂线 intersect 7intE5sekt vi.（直线）相交，交叉 geometry dVi5Cmitri n. 几何学 rack rAk n. 架，齿条
2、recirculate ri5sE:kjuleit v. 再通行，再流通 protrude prE5tru:d v. 突出 gearset 5iEset n. 齿轮组，变速箱 desirable di5zaiErEbl adj. 值得要的，合意的,trait treit n. 显著的特点，特性 pitch pitF n. 程度 spindle 5spindl n. 轴，心轴 rotational rEu5teiFEnEl adj. 转动的，循环的 stick stik v. 粘住，粘贴；vt.刺，戳 engage in5eidV vi. 接合，啮合 thread Wred n. 螺纹 slap
3、 slAp n. 拍，掌击，拍击,Phrases and Expressions steering wheel 方向盘 steering column 转向柱，转向杆 pitman arm 转向摇臂 drag link 转向直拉杆 king pin 主销 steering arm 转向摇臂 tie rod 转向横拉杆 front axle 前桥，前轴 steering knuckle 转向节 steering gear 转向器,rack and pinion steering gear 齿轮齿条式转向器 steering shaft 转向柱，转向杆 linear motion 线性运动 too
4、th pitch 齿距 recirculating ball steering gear 循环球式转向器 SUV (sport utility vehicle) 运动型多用途车 worm gear 蜗轮 threaded hole 螺纹孔 threaded rod 螺杆,TEXT B Power Steering Pump,Rotary Valve The Future of Power Steering,New Words via 5vaiE, 5vi:E prep. 经，通过，经由 retractable ri5trAktEbl adj. 可收回的 vane vein n. 翼，叶片 ov
5、al 5EuvEl adj. 卵形的，椭圆的 adequate 5Adikwit adj. 适当的，足够的 idle 5aidl vi. 空转，怠速 sense sens vt. 感到，理解，认识 twist twist vt. 拧，扭曲；vi. 扭弯，扭曲 innovation 7inEu5veiFEn n. 改革，创新 feedback 5fi:dbAk n. 反馈，反应,Phrases and Expressions power steering 动力转向 rotary vane pump 旋转叶片泵 pressure-relief valve 卸压阀 rotary valve 回转阀
6、torsion bar 扭力杆 worm gear 涡轮 spool valve 伺服阀 relative to 相对，相关 on the drawing board 在设计阶段，在筹划之中,EXERCISES 1. Answer the following questions according to the text (1) What are the functions of a steering system? (2) What is the most common steering? (3) What are the components of a steering system? (
7、4) How does the Rack-and-pinion gearset work? (5) How many tasks does the Rack-and-pinion gearset do? What are they? (6) What is the steering ratio? (7) How does the recirculating-ball steering gearset work? (8) Why are all of the threads filled with ball bearings that recirculate through the gear?
8、(9) What is the function of the steering linkages? (10) What does the recirculating-ball steering contain?,2. Translate the following into Chinese (1) pitman arm (2) drag link (3) tie rod (4) rack and pinion steering gear (5) recirculating ball steering gear (6) steering shaft (7) worm and sector st
9、eering (8) SUV (9) steering knuckle (10) steering radius,3. Translate the following into English (1) 线性运动 (2) 旋转运动 (3) 方向盘 (4) 转向节臂 (5) 转向机构 (6) 扇形齿轮 (7) 转向摇臂 (8) 转向器 (9) 动力转向 (10) 转向泵,4. Translate the following passage into Chinese Hard Steering If hard steering occurs, it is probably due to excess
10、ively tight adjustments in the steering gearbox or linkages. Hard steering can also be caused by low or uneven tire pressure, abnormal friction in the steering gearbox, in the linkage, or at the ball joints, or improper wheel or frame alignment. The failure of power steering in a vehicle causes the
11、steering system to revert to straight mechanical operation, requiring much greater steering force to be applied by the operator. When this happens, the power steering gearbox and pump should be checked as outlined in the manufacturers service manual.,To check the steering system for excessive fricti
12、on, raise the front of the vehicle and turn the steering wheel and check the steering system components to locate the source of excessive friction. Disconnect the pitman arm. If this action eliminates the frictional drag, then the friction is in either the linkage or at the steering knuckles. If the
13、 friction is NOT eliminated when the pitman arm is disconnected, then the steering gearbox is probably faulty. If hard steering is not due to excessive friction in the steering system, the most probable causes are incorrect front end alignment, a misaligned frame, or sagging springs. Excessive tire
14、caster causes hard steering. Wheel alignment will be described later in this chapter.,Steering System Noises Steering systems, when problems exist, can produce abnormal noises (rattles, squeaks, and squeals). Noises can be signs of worn components, unlubricated bearings or ball joints, loose components, slipping belts, low power steering fluid, or other troubles. Rattles in the steering linkage may develop if linkage components become loose. Squeaks during turns can develop due to lack of lubrication in the joints or bearings of the steerin
