情态动词特殊用法大集合

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1、 情态动词特殊用法大集合情态动词除了基本的用法以外还有许多特殊之处,最基本的用法读者可以结合自己的语法书籍来适当复习,这儿就不赘述,主要略列一些特殊用法,希望对各位英语爱好者有所帮助。1 can 和 couldCan 和 could 可以表示某人或某物一时的特点,可以翻译为“有可能,有时会”。It can be very warm in this area 。这个地区有时可能非常暖和.He can be very friendly at times 。他有时会非常友好。can 表示能力时(即有某种知识和技能而能办到),可以与 be able to 换用。但是在将来时和完成时中 必须用 be a

2、ble to ;表示经过努力而成功地办到了某个具体的事情时,只能用 be able to ,不可以用 can。这种用法的 be able to 相当于 succeed in 或 manageto。另外:cannot 比cannot 更强调。Canyoutype ? Areyouable to type ?Iam surewe shall be able to get youajopsoon 。(不能用 can)Hehas been able to finish the work on time。(不可用 can)After years of hard work hewas able to wi

3、n the prize 。(不可以用 could)Hecouldt climb the mountain 。(没有能力爬,因而也没有爬)Hewas not able to climb the mountain 。(尝试爬过,但是没能爬上去)另外:be able to 强调能力,通常表示一次性的事件,一般不表示经常性的事件。Iwas able to pass the examination 。(Isucceeded in passing the examination 。)我能考试及格。(考试及格了)After studyingthat youwillbe able to sovle these

4、 mathematics problems 。学习完这个方法后,你能够解这些数学题了。在否定句结构中,be able to 指暂时的情况,而 can 可以指经常的情况。Heis not able to swim today 。他今天不能游泳。Hecant swim at all 。他根本不会游泳。Ishall not be able to go to school tomorrow 。我明天不能上学了。在表示“经过尝试或努力为能做到”的意思时,一般不用 be able to。如对 Were youable tofind the pen?做否定回答应该用:No,Icouldnt (find it

5、 )。不能说:No ,Iwasnt able to find it 。could 可以用来表示过去习惯性动作的完成,而 was able to 却没有这种用法。Icould runafter abus and catch it twenty years ago ,Icant do that now 。二十年前,我能在后面跑着追上公共汽车,现在不行了。cannot cant 与 tooover()enough perfectly sufficiently 等词连用,意思是“越越”“无论怎样也不为过”、“决不会够(过)”。Youcant praise him too much 。你无论怎样称赞他都

6、不过分。Youcannot be over careful 。你越细心越好。Icant thank youenough 。我对你感激不尽。This point cannot be overemphasized 。这一点无论如何强调都不过分。注释:cant cannot too enough 等中的 not ,也可以用 never hardly scarcely等代替。Therecanneverbe toomuchdeception in war 。兵不厌诈。We can hardly/scarecely pay too high a price for liberation .为了解放,我们无

7、论付出多高的代价也不为过。cant / cannot too / enough 等后的附加疑问句的动词用肯定形式 can,不用 cant。You cant praise him too much ,can you ?你无论怎样赞扬他都不为过,对吧 ?You cannot be too careful ,can you ? 你再小心也不为过,对吧?“cannot wait 不定式 ”意思是“be eager to 急于做”,表示强调的肯定意思 。I cannot wait to read the book 。我非常渴望读这本书 。He couldn t wait to see her 。他渴望见

8、到她 。练习题:Please remind your grandpato takemedicine on time,for amanof his age_be very forgetful 。Ashould B。must C。shall D。canYou cannot be_careful when you drive a car .A.very B.so C.too D.enough The car broke down on the way ,but we_get out of the desert at last.A.might B.would C.were able to D.coul

9、d2 must 有一种含义:“偏要”“硬要”。表示说话人对句子主语所发出的动作或行为是不希望的、不满的甚至是生气的。通常指令人不愉快的事情。must 用于第二人称时,常常含有讽刺挖苦的意思:Why must you be so stubborn (固执)?He must come and worry her with questions ,just when she was busy cooking the dinner 。If you must smoke ,at least you could use an ashtray (烟灰缸)。00As I was sitting down to

10、lunch ,the electric bell must ring 。Why must you be so late ?你为何非要这么晚来呢 ?练习题:Why _you always interrupt me ?A 。can B 。will C 。may D。 must Naturally ,after I told her what to do ,my daughter _go and do the opposite !A 。may B。can C。 must D。 should 另:have to 多表示习惯动作或客观条件索引出的义务;而 must 则用于表示一种重要或急迫的事情:We

11、have to care for the young 。(义务)She has to be at the office before 8 every day 。(习惯)You must go to the manager at once ,or you ll be diamissed 。(急迫的事情)通常 have to 强调客观需求,表示因客观环境或事态促使而不得不作某事;must 强调主观看法,表示主观上认为有必要做谋事。I must learn another language 。(主观想法:I want to )I have to learn another language 。(客观

12、需求:身为一个外交官)但是 must 可以表示客观必然性,意思为“必然(会),总是会”,而 have to 则不可以这样用。All men must die 。人固有一死。Competition must happen 。竞争总会发生。Truth must be out 。真相总会大白 。Winter must be followed by spring 。冬天到了,春天还会远吗 ?There must be a day for revenge 。总有报仇的那一天 。对 must 所在句子变反意疑问句时,应注意以下习惯搭配:must 作“必须 ”解时,反意疑问句中重复 must 。All th

13、e children must respect their parents ,mustnt they ?孩子必须尊敬父母,对吗?must 作“有必要 ”解时,反意疑问句中用 need 。We must tell her the truth ,neednt we ?我们现在有必要告诉她实情,对吗?“must be ”表示推测时,反意疑问句用 be 的适当形式 。You must be thirsty ,arent you ?你一定渴了,是吗 ?“must have done ”表示推测时 ,附加疑问句一般用 have 或 has ,但是有明确表示过去的时间壮语(before 除外)时,反意疑问句

14、用过去时态。He must have finished the work ,hasn t he ?He must have gone abroad last week ,didnt he ?You must have been tould about it that day ,werent you ?mustnt 表示“禁止,不允许”时,反意疑问句一般用 may 。The children mustnt play with fire ,may they ?也可以用 must 。We mustnt be late ,must / may ?我们不可以迟到,对吗?must 用于表示询问对方意向时,

15、反意疑问句部分的动词可以与前面陈述句部分的动词不一致。You must come tomorrow ,will you ?练习题:You mustnt tell it to your morther ,_?Amust you Bdo you Cneed you Dwill you-The students must hand in their term papers in a week ,_?-No,they _。Aneednt they ,mustnt Bmustnt they ,mustntCmustnt they ,neednt Dshouldnt they ,should 3.used to 的意思是“过去常常”,已经含有 always ,often ,sometimes ,from time to time 等意思,但是它却可以和它们连用。He always used to / used always to come by bus 。 他过去总是坐公共汽车来。He often used to work

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