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1、Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars1. spreadvt.&vi. 展开,铺开;散布;扩大;延伸The bird spread its wings. 那只鸟展开了翅膀。Flies spread disease. 苍蝇传播疾病。 常用结构:spread sth. with sth. 用抹/涂/铺spread .on .把抹/涂/铺在be spread for摆好（桌子）准备spread oneself口舒展四肢(躺下)spread out张开，伸开，铺开，展开，伸长高手过招单项填空Paper making began in China and to
2、 Europe.(200912河南郑州检测)A. Spread B. grewC. Carried D. developed解析:选A。句意为：造纸术起源于中国，又传播到了欧洲。spread传播。2. method n. 方法He has introduced a new method of teaching.他引进了一种新的教学方法。What is the most effective method of birth control?控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？联想拓展by this means=in this way=with this method用这种方法易混辨析method/me
3、ansmethod侧重“理论方法”，指做某事的具体步骤或程序。a new teaching method一种新的教学方法means（单复数同形）侧重“通过手段”或“利用工具”去达到某种目的。高手过招选词填空(method/means)（原创）The quickest of travel is by plane.She has a very scientific of dealing with political problems.答案：meansmethod3. harmfuladj. 有害的常用结构:do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害mean no harm 无
4、意伤害别人;没有恶意harm ones image/reputation 损害某人的形象/名声do more harm than good 弊大于利There is no harm in (sb.s) doing sth.=It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth. (某人) 做某事无害处be harmful to 对有害harm n.&v. 损害，伤害Smoking is harmful to your health. 吸烟有害健康。高手过招单项填空He is a nice dog. He wont do you any .（原创）A. ill B. bite
5、C. hurt D. harm解析:选D。考查固定搭配。do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 表示“对某人有害”。句意为：这是一条温顺的狗，它不会伤害你。故选D。4. mass n. 质量；团；块；大量；(前加the) 群众A liter of gas has less mass than a liter of water.1公升气体的质量少于1公升水的质量。She has a mass of things to do.她有一大堆的事情要做。The masses have boundless creative power.人民群众有无限的创造力。常用结构:be a mass o
6、f 遍体是; 充满了in mass 全部, 全体; 整个地 in the mass 总体上;总的说来 the (great) mass of 大多数, 大部分masses of sth.大量的东西高手过招单项填空The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took pictures of them. (200912安徽合肥检测)A. many of B. masses ofC. the number of D. a large amount of解析:选B。句意为：年轻的舞蹈家们穿着美丽的衣服看
7、起来很迷人，因此我们给他们拍了许多照片。masses of=lots of，后跟复数名词。5. pull v. 拉，拖，拔；移动n.拉，拖；牵(引)力You push and Ill pull. 你来推，我来拉。 I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round.我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。常用结构:pull ahead (of sb./sth.) 领先于（某人/物）pull (sb.) back（使某人）退却；撤回（某人）pull off (sth.)（指机动车辆）驶离（道路至路侧停车处停下）pull out (sth.) 拉掉；使分离；掏出；驶离
8、（车站）pull on 穿，戴上（袜子、手套等）pull together 同心协力；通力合作高手过招用pull相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）I arrived as the last train was .He a gun and aimed at the criminal.So long as we , theres no mountain top we cant conquer.答案：pulling outpulled outpull together6. cheervt. & vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen
9、 appeared.女王出现时群众高声欢呼。He was greatly cheered by the news.他听到这个消息非常高兴。常用结构:cheer sb. on为某人加油cheer (sb.) up（使某人）更高兴；（使）振奋起来联想拓展cheerful adj.高兴的 cheerless adj.不高兴的；阴冷的高手过招用cheer相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）Your visit has greatly him up.The crowd the runners as they started the last lap.You look as though you need up
10、.答案：cheeredcheered; oncheering7. puzzle vt.&vi.（使）迷惑；（使）苦思n.迷；难题puzzled adj. 无法了解的；困惑的puzzling adj. 令人费解的Her reply puzzled me.她的回答把我弄糊涂了。Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.他们为什么要那样做此事我仍感到莫名其妙。常用结构：sb. be puzzled by sth.某人对感到迷惑puzzle about/over sth.对某事感到迷惑puzzle ones brain冥思苦想；绞尽脑汁solv
11、e a puzzle解决一个难题高手过招用puzzle的适当形式填空To explain the findings, he offers two theories.I that I havent heard from Liz for so long.She listened with a expression on her face.No one has yet succeeded in explaining the of how life began.答案：puzzlingam puzzledpuzzledpuzzle8. exist vi. 存在，生存existence n. 存在Does
12、 life exist on Mars?火星上有生命吗？I can hardly exist on the wage Im getting.我靠自己挣的工资简直难以糊口。常用结构：exist+prep. 存在于某地方exist on sth. 靠某物生存高手过招用exist相关短语的适当形式填空This plant only Australia.Can you such a low salary?I doubt the of alien.答案：exists; inexist onexistence重点短语9. in time意为“及时”时相当于early enough, soon enough
13、;意为“终于，早晚”时相当于sooner or later。We got to the station just in time to catch the bus.=We got to the station just in time for the bus.我们到达车站时，刚好赶上了那班汽车。The doctor came in time to save her life. 医生及时赶来救了她的命。Youll succeed in time if you keep on working hard.假若坚持努力下去，你迟早会成功的。联想拓展be in time for sth./be in time to do sth. 对于某事是及时的/及时做某事ahead of time提前；提早all the time一直；始终at one time曾经；一度at a time一次at times 有时at the same time同时；然而；可是from time to time不时；偶尔in no time立刻；马上take ones time不急，慢慢来time and time again一次又一次；一再高手过招单项填空I was disappointed in time when I didnt pass the exami
