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1、Period TwoLearning about Languageit的用法()1用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情，没有性别的区分；可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词，在句子中既可作主语，也可作宾语。(1)指动物和植物。Look at that bird.It always comes to my window.看那只鸟。它总是飞到我的窗前来。(2)指代无生命的东西。This is my watch.Its a Swiss one.这是我的手表，它是瑞士制的。(3)代替上文提到过的整个事情。Well，you mustnt p
2、lay on the road.Its dangerous.哦，你不能在马路上玩。这太危险了。2用于指代人(1)指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人，常在打电话或敲门时用。Who is knocking at the door？谁在敲门？Its me.是我。(2)指说话者心目中的那个人。Look，someone is coming.Who can it be?看，有人过来了。他可能是谁呢？It may be the headmaster.可能是校长。(3)在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时，常用it指人。Whos that？那人是谁？Is it Helen？是海伦吗？Yes，I think you
3、re right.Its Helen.是的，我想你说对了，是海伦。3用于指时间、距离和自然现象等。(1)表示时间。Whats the date？今天是几月几日？Its the third of March.今天是3月3日。(2)表示距离。Its only five minutes walk from here.它离这儿仅有步行五分钟的路程。(3)表示自然现象。It is going to rain.天要下雨了。(4)表示环境，形势等。If its convenient，I can see you tomorrow.如果方便，我明天能见你。4用作形式主语英语中为了保持句子平衡，避免句子给人造成头
4、重脚轻的感觉，常常要用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语、名词性从句等)放在句末。这是一种习惯表达法，常见的句型有：(1)Itis/was形容词(for sb.)动词不定式短语。It is necessary for older people to understand what they think and feel.年长的人有必要了解他们在想些什么，他们有什么感觉。(2)Itis/was形容词of sb.动词不定式短语。Its clever of you to do like this.你这样做很聪明。(3)It系动词(be动词除外)形容词动词不定式短语。It fe
5、els strange to have a twin sister.有个孪生姐妹感觉很奇怪。(4)Itwill be/is/was形容词/名词动名词短语。Its a waste of time doing the work.做这项工作是在浪费时间。Its no good waiting.等候是没有用的。(5)Itis/was形容词that从句。It is certain that he will attend the meeting.他一定会参加会议的。It is important that we (should) study hard.我们应该努力学习，这是很重要的。注意It is cle
6、ar (plain，true，certain，sure，obvious，certain.)thatclause(从句用陈述语气)It is important (necessary.)thatclause(从句用虚拟语气，should可省略)(6)Itis/wasones turn (duty，pleasure，a pity，great fun，a habit，time，a rule，a shame，no wonder)to do sth.。Its your turn to be on duty tomorrow.明天轮到你值日了。It must be great fun to fly to
7、the moon in a spaceship.乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。(7)It is/was名词或名词短语从句。Its a wonder that you could finish such a hard task in such a short time.真奇怪，你竟然在如此短的时间内完成如此艰巨的任务。注意“It is a suggestion (my wish)that从句”句型中，从句中谓语部分用should动词原形，should可省略。Its his suggestion that we should go by train.他建议我们乘火车去。(8)It is过去分词th
8、at从句。It is reported that there will be a concert this Saturday night.据报道本周六晚有一场音乐会。It is suggested that some measures (should) be taken to stop pollution.据建议要采取一些措施来防止污染。注意该句型常为：It is said/hoped/thought/supposed/known/reported/announced/decided/suggested/believed.that.等，该句型常可以转换成含有宾语从句的复合句或者含有不定式作主语
9、补足语的简单句。据说汤姆已经回国了。It is said that Tom has come back from abroad.People say that Tom has come back from abroad.Tom is said to have come back from abroad.(9)It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.该句型表示“(某人)花时间做某事”。It took me three hours to finish the work.我花了三个小时才做完这项工作。(10)Itcostssb.some moneyto do sth.该
10、句型意为“某人花多少钱做某事”。It cost me 80 yuan to buy the dictionary.我买这本词典花了80元钱。(11)It动词主语从句。It never occurred to me that perhaps he was lying.我从没想到过他可能是在说谎。5用作形式宾语当句子的真正宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时，为避免句子头重脚轻，须将其放在宾语补足语之后，改用先行词it占据其原来的位置。it用作形式宾语的句型为：主语谓语it宾语补足语动词不定式/动名词/从句。该句型中宾语补足语可由形容词、名词等充当。能够用于形式宾语句型的动词有think，make，f
11、ind，consider，feel，take等。Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.马克思觉得研究俄国的形势很重要。The ancient people took it for granted that the earth was flat.古代人想当然地认为地球是平坦的。6另外两个与it有关的常用句型(1)It is/was/will be the序数词timethat从句该句型意为“这里/那是/这将是某人第几次做某事了”。主句谓语动词用is时，从句用现在完成时；主句的谓语动词用was时，从句用过去完成时；主句的谓
12、语动词用will be时，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时表示将来。She understood what I was talking about，even though it was the first time we had spoken together.尽管这是我们第一次在一起谈话，但是她明白我在谈些什么。Do you know our town at all?你了解我们的城镇吗？No，it is the first time I have been here.不，这是我第一次来这儿。注意句型中it可以用this或that替换，time可以用week，year，month等表示时间的名词替换
13、。This is the first month/year that I have been here.这是我在这儿的第一个月/第一个年头。(2)It is (high/about) time that sb.did/should do sth.该句型意为“是该某人做某事的时候了”，这是一个虚拟语气句型，表示与现在事实相反。It is (high) time that we should have lunch.我们应该吃午饭了。.单项填空1Our neighbors gave _ a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its n
14、est.Aus；it Bus；itselfCourselves；itself Dourselves；it答案B解析句意为：昨天我们的邻居给了我们一只雏鸟，这只雏鸟从窝里摔下来时受了伤。第一空给“我们”，应用us；第二空“鸟伤到了自己”，故用反身代词itself。2_ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.AThis BThat CWhat DIt答案D解析it在句中代指所发生的事情，the way在句中作方式状语，同时又作了先行词，其后为定语从句，省略了引导词that或in which。3_felt funny watching mysel
15、f on TV.AOne BThis CIt DThat答案C解析it为形式主语，真正的主语为动名词短语watching myself on TV。4Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.Athat Bit Cthis Dyou答案B解析句意为：如果你愿意教我如何使用电脑，我将非常感激。Id appreciate it if.是固定句式。it是形式宾语，if引导的从句是真正的宾语。5If I can help _，I dont like working late into the night.Aso Bth
