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1、Period TwoLearning about LanguageGrammar：Inversion1完全倒装语序(把谓语的全部提至主语前)：(1)在以in，out，back，up，down，off，away，here，there等副词开头的句子中，若主语为名词时，常采用主谓完全倒装语序，但主语为人称代词时，主谓不倒装。例如：Look！Here comes the bus.瞧！公共汽车来了。Oh，here it comes.噢，真的来了。Listen！There goes the bell.听！铃响了。Oh，there it goes.噢，真的响了。Just then the door ope
2、ned and in came a woman.就在那时，门开了，进来了一个女的。(2)表示存在关系的句子将表地点的副词或介词短语提至句首时，若主语为名词，也采用完全倒装结构。East of Asia lies China，with Beijing its capital.中国在亚洲的东部，北京是它的首都。Under that tree sits a beautiful girl.那棵树下坐着一位美丽的姑娘。(3)在一些固定句型中，以now，then或thus开头的句子也采用完全倒装结构。Now comes your turn to answer the teachers question.(
3、Its your turn to answer the teachers question now.)现在轮到你回答老师的问题了。The AntiJapanese War ended in 1945.Then followed Chinas Liberation War.抗日战争1945年结束，接着是中国的解放战争。注意：此句型有时需用不定式的被动语态。Now comes your turn to be questioned.现在轮到你被提问了。(4)以such开头的句子采用完全倒装结构。Such was Albert Einstein，a simple man of great achiev
4、ements.这就是爱因斯坦，一个纯朴而又取得巨大成就的人。2部分倒装句式：如果有助动词或情态动词等，将其放在主语之前；如果没有助动词或情态动词等时，要在主语前加助动词do或does(一般现在时)或did(一般过去时)。具体如下：(1)以only开头的句子，当only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，要采用部分倒装语序。注意：only修饰状语从句时，从句不倒装而主句倒装。Only then did I realize he，too，was an Englishman.只有在那时，我才意识到，他也是个英国人。Only over 18 are you allowed to join the navy
5、，airforce or army.只有超过18岁，你才被允许加入海军、空军或陆军。Only when the war was over in 1918 was Einstein able to get back happily to work.只有在1918年战争结束时，爱因斯坦才能够愉快地返回工作岗位。only后接名词或代词时，属修饰主语，不采用倒装语序。Only she can solve the problem.只有她能解决这个问题。(2)含有not only.but also的句子，若把not only提到句首，让not only和but also引导两个分句时，not only引导
6、的分句要采用部分倒装语序，但but also引导的分句不倒装，而且与前边句子中相同的成分可以省略。Not only did they take away everything he had but also his German citizenship.他们不仅带走了他所拥有的一切，而且还剥夺了他的德国公民权。(3)把含有否定意义的词(never，not，nowhere，hardly，few，little等)或频度副词(often，frequently，always，many times等)放在句首时，要采用部分倒装语序。Never shall I forget the past bitter
7、 days.我永远不会忘记过去苦难的日子。Not a single mistake did the little pupil make in his composition.那个小学生在作文中连一个错误都没有犯。Seldom does my aunt go to church on Sundays.我婶婶星期天很少去教堂做礼拜。Frequently does my companion beat me at chess.我的伙伴屡次下棋战胜我。(4)so.that和such.that句型中，若把so或such及它们所修饰的词提至句首时，主句采用部分倒装语序，但that引导的结果状语从句中语序正常
8、。例如：So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in it.这个湖很浅，鱼不能在里边生存。Such rapid progress did my nephew make that he was able to keep a diary in English before long.我侄子取得了如此快的进步，他不久就能用英语记日记了。(5)not.until句型，若将not until短语提至句首时，主句要采用部分倒装语序。Not until he has corrected all our homework will the geography
9、teacher be able to come.直到改完我们所有的作业以后，地理老师才能来。(6)neither.nor引导两个分句时，两句都要采用部分倒装语序。Neither was the director for the plan nor was he against it.主任既不赞成也不反对这个计划。Neither did I know about it nor did I care about it.关于此事我不知道也不关心。(7)以so开头的句子(在肯定句后)，说某人、某事与前边提到过的相同时，要采用部分倒装语序；以neither或nor开头的句子(在否定句后)，说某人、某事与前
10、边提到过的相同时，也要采用部分倒装语序。I enjoy dumplings.我喜欢吃饺子。So do I.我也一样。After that we never saw her again，neither(nor) did we hear from her.在那以后，我们从未见过她，也没有收到过她的来信。注意：上述两种倒装句式还可用So it it/was with sb./sth.或It is/was the same with sb./sth.两个句型来替换，意思不变。但若前句动词复杂或有肯定和否定混合时，只用So it is/was with sb./sth.或It is/was the sa
11、me with sb./sth.两个句型，来表示前边所说情况也适合于后边的人或事。另外，以so开头的句子，如果表示对前边所说事情的重复，表示某人某事确实如此，不采用倒装语序。Marx came from Germany and German was his native language.So it was with Engels.马克思是德国人，德语是他的母语，恩格斯也一样。My deskmate works hard and does not go in for sports.It is the same with me.我同桌学习刻苦，不喜欢体育运动，我也一样。He seems very
12、 sad.他似乎很伤心。So he is.His father passed away yesterday.他确实伤心。他父亲昨天去世了。3其他特殊的倒装句式：(1)以how，when，where，why，who，whom，whose，what等连接词引导的宾语从句中，连接词要用正常语序。You can have no idea how excited I was then.你可能想象不到我当时有多么兴奋。(2)以“whatever/however形容词/副词”等引导的让步状语从句中，这些词后要采用正常语序。However cold it was，Lenin wore that old coa
13、t.不管有多么冷，列宁总是穿着那件旧大衣。(3)enough修饰形容词或副词时，要放在形容词或副词的后边，修饰名词时，放在名词前后都可以，放在名词前的较常用。We have a large enough flat(apartment)我们有一套够大的公寓。People brave enough to take that medicine are all volunteers.够勇敢服那种药的人都是志愿者。(4)在定语从句中出现I think等结构时，把此结构看做插入语，定语从句仍用正常语序。The boy who everyone thought was honest cheated in t
14、he exam.大家都认为老实的那个孩子，在考试中作弊了。(5)“the比较级主谓，the比较级主谓”结构表示“越就越”。The harder you work，the greater progress you will make.你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。(6)以as引导的让步状语从句要采用倒装语序，其倒装办法是提前表语、状语或动词原形，提前表语时，若表语为可数名词单数，要省略不定冠词。Peasant as my uncle is，he owns a large fortune.虽然我叔叔是个农民，但他拥有一大笔财富。.单项填空1It was announced that only
15、when the fire was under control _to return to their homes.Athe residents would be permittedBhad the residents been permittedCwould the residents be permittedDthe residents had been permitted答案C解析句意为：据宣布，只有在火势被控制住的时候居民们才被允许回到家中。that从句中only修饰的时间状语从句位于句首，后面的主句需用部分倒装结构。2If Joes wife wont go to the party，_.Ahe will either Bneither will heChe neither will Deither he will答案B解析neither引导倒装句，表示前者不做某事，后者也不做。3Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _.
