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1、 一、动词的分类种类语法意义按性质分类实义动词及物和不及物表示动作或状态，在句中独立做谓语。及物动词后须跟宾语；不及物动词不跟宾语，要跟宾语时要加介词。What did you think of her speech? She _for one hour but didnt _ much.A. spoke; speak B. spoke; say C. said; speak D. said; say【解析】答案为B。speak作不及物动词，意为“说、发言、演讲”；speak作及物动词时意为“讲某种语言”；say 作及物动词，意为“说、讲”，后接宾语。句意：她讲了一个小时，但并没有说出多少（事
2、）。连系动词本身有一定的词义，不能独立做谓语，须与表语一起构成复合谓语。连系动词可以细分为表示“是”的be动词，根据主语有各种形式；表示“感觉”的连系动词。如：look, feel, smell, taste, sound等；表示“变得、变成”的连系动词。如become, turn, get, grow, go, fall, come等；表示“结果”的连系动词。如turn out, prove等；表示“仍然”的连系动词。如remain, stand, stay, keep等；表示“似乎、好像”的连系动词。如seem, appear, look等。Emergency line operators
3、 must always _ calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help. A. grow B. appear C. become D. stay【解析】答案为D。become, grow表示状态的变化，stay calm 保持冷静，沉着。注意：绝大多数连系动词又是实义动词，在解题时要正确区分,否则就会出错。 good, the food has been sold out.A. Tasted B. Having been Tasted C. Tasting D. To taste【解析
4、】答案为C。本题考生如果把taste当成实义动词去理解的话，就会误选A或B。其实taste在本句中是连系动词，应该选C才对=Because the food tastes good,。助动词本身无词义，不能独立作谓语。用来表示否定，疑问，时态等语法形式。助动词（与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语），常见的有：be(am, is, are),do(does, did);have(has);will, would, shall情态动词本身有一定意义，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。没有人称和数的变化，常用来表示说话人的语气和情态。常见的有can(could),may(might),must, shall(s
5、hould)按时限分类延续性和非延续性动词动作可以延续，可以与一段时间连用。如：live, study, work, stay, keep, haveThe evening news comes on at Seven o clock and _ only thirty minutes.A. keeps B. continues C. finishes D. lasts【解析】答案为答案为D。根据后面的时间状语“only thirty minutes” 先排除“finish”为瞬间动词；keep“保留，保存”；continue意为“继续”； last“持续，继续”，根据题意“晚间新闻每天7：0
6、0开始，持续30分钟。”可知，正确选项为D。二、动词短语的构成结 构例 题动词+副词Dont be so discouraged. If yousuch feelings, you will do better next time.A. carry on B. get backC. break down D. put away【解析】答案为D。carry on意为“开展、进行”；get back意为“取回，拿回”；break down意为“分解、崩溃”。put away除了有“把收起、放好”的意思外还有“储存、抛弃、放弃”的意思。句意：别那么垂头丧气的。如果你抛弃这种情绪（而振作起来），下次你
7、就会做得更好。I was still sleeping when the fire _,and then it spread quickly.A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out【解析】答案为A。break out意为“发生”符合题意；put out意为“扑灭”；come out意为“出版、出现、出来”；get out意为“（拿）出来”。句意：火灾发生时，我还在睡觉，然后火势很快蔓延开来。注意：如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开She turned off all the lights which had been left on.
8、她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。She gave them away.她把它们送掉了。动词+介词Once a decision has been made，all of us should _it.A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to【解析】答案为B。stick to意为“坚守（规则、诺言等）”Its the present situation in poor areas that _much higher spending on education and training.A. answers
9、forB. provides forC. calls for D. plans for【解析】答案为C。call for意为“要求”；answer for意为“负责”；provide for意为“供养，为做好准备”；plan for意为“为作计划/打算”。动词+副词+介词I dont _rock n roll. Its much too noisy for my taste.A. go after B. go away withC. go intoD. go in for【解析】答案为D。 go in for意为“喜欢”；go after意为“追求”；go away with意为“随身带走”；
10、go into意为“从事、参加”。Why do we have to _Joans selfish behavior? She should learn to care for others.A. keep up with B. catch up with C. put up with D. come up with【解析】答案为C。keep up with意为“跟着、跟上”；catch up with意为“赶上”；put up with意为“忍受”；come up with意为“想出、提出”。动词+名词+介词You cant imagine what difficulty we had _h
11、ome in the snowstorm.A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking【解析】答案为D。考查have difficulty (in) doing sth.短语的变式运用。difficulty在句中充当先行词，其后为定语从句。动词反身代词介词She devoted herself _ the problems of the teenagers.A. in studying B. at studying C. to study D. to studying【解析】答案为D。devote oneself to意为“专心，致力于，献身”。to为介词。说
12、明：这一讲不涉及动词的时态、语态、语气、非谓语动词以及情态动词等语法内容（这部分请参看后面有关的各讲的内容）。William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight Was beginning to . A. disappear B. fall C. fail D. damage【解析】答案为C。disappear意为“消失，不复存在”；fall意为“降落，跌倒，降低”；fail 意为“(指健康)衰退, 衰弱”；damage意为“损害，毁坏，加害于”。句意：William 发现阅读越来越困难了，因为他的视力开始衰退。K
13、nowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also _our thinking.A. directB. limitC. changeD. improve【解析】答案为B。direct意为“指示，指引，导演（戏剧或电影），指挥（管弦乐队）”；limit意为“限制”；change意为“改变”；improve意为“改进，改善”。根据句中but的转折，选B。句意：如果我们想要获得成功，知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。You are old enough to _your o
14、wn living. A. win B. gain C. take D. earn【解析】答案为D。句意：你已经到了可以自己谋生的年龄了。earn ones living意为“挣钱；维持生计”，为固定搭配，还可以说“make ones living”。Mary, I _John of his promise to help you. A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised【解析】答案为B。句意：玛丽，我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。remind of意为“就提醒(某人)，使(某人)想起”；warnof意为“就警告(某人)”。With modern equipment, many mysteries have _ to light in recent years.A. bought B. come C. thrown D. appeared 【
