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3、状元成才路,学习目标,1.了解“信天游”这种民歌形式，体会本诗的艺术特色。（重点） 2.把握诗歌的感情线索，学习综合运用拟人、夸张、排比等各类修辞手法和比兴手法。（难点） 3.体会诗人对革命圣地延安的深情以及对革命事业和革命人民的热爱之情，培养爱国情操。（重点）,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
4、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
5、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,作者名片,贺敬之，1924生，山东枣庄人，现代著名诗人和剧作家。1945年和丁毅执笔集体创作新歌剧白毛女，荣获1951年斯大林文学奖。诗作有放声歌唱十月颂歌雷锋之歌中国的十月八一之歌等。,背景链接,本诗选自贺敬之诗选（人民文学出版社 2004年版）。1940年至1946年，贺敬之一直在延安学习、工作，与当地军民结下了深厚的情谊。195
6、6年，诗人贺敬之跟随当时团中央的一位领导回到阔别11年的延安，参加西北五省青年工人造林大会。目睹了延安的巨大变化，内心无比激动，情不自禁地写下了这首回延安。,文学常识,信天游 是流传在中国西北广大地区的一种民歌形式。其歌词是以七字格二二三式为基本句格式的上下句变文体，以浪漫主义的比兴手法见长。调子自由，单纯易唱。在陕北它叫“信天游”，又称“顺天游”“小曲子”，在山西被称为“山曲”，在内蒙古则被叫作“爬山调”。,字词学习,生难字,搂定 羊羔 糜子 满窑 油馍 气喘 白羊肚 脑畔 眼眶 登时 柳林铺,d,mi,lu,chun,pn,kun,o,m,yo,dn,p,多音字,（ ）店铺 （ ）铺开,铺
7、,p,p,（ ）糜子 （ ）糜烂,糜,mi,m,（ ）踏实 （ ）踏步,踏,t,t,（ ）羊肚 （ ）肚子,肚,d,d,一回又一回。陕北方言里，量词的构成方式往往用叠字，表示数量多。,词语集注,心窝： 几回回： 登时： 脑畔上： 天南海北：,人体上心脏所在的地方。,立刻。,文中指窑洞的顶上。,形容距离遥远，也指相距遥远的不同地方。,朗读课文,1.听范读。仿读。 2.学生自由读。 3.分组朗读，小组间竞读。 要求：注意把握朗读时的节奏、韵律、声调和重音。在读时用心揣摩诗的内容和情感。,整体感知,朗读这首诗，概括每部分的主要内容，说说诗人是按照怎样的线索来抒发自己的情感的。,回延安,忆延安,话延安
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10、,看延安,祝延安,抒情线索是“重逢回忆赞美展望”,如何理解诗作的情感？,诗作情感不是单调的，而是多层面的：,激情（回到延安时激动万分） 喜情（见到亲人时喜不自胜） 豪情（展望延安未来豪情万丈）,一个“情”字贯串全诗。,再朗读诗作，结合诗句进一步体会诗作情感。,课文精讲,在抒情方式上，既有直接抒情，又有通过人物的动作、语言和场景描写等来间接抒发情感。试着找出相关诗句，细心揣摩其中蕴含的诗人的情感。,直接抒情,革命的道路千万里，天南海北想着你,延安熔炉锻造了“我”，与延安永远有割舍不掉的感情。,身长翅膀吧脚生云，再回延安看母亲！,盼望着能常回延安，能见到亲人，能看到延安的大发展。,动作描写,手抓黄
11、土我不放，紧紧儿贴在心窝上。,用“黄土”代表这片土地，养育了这里的人民，“抓”“贴”等动作，将重回延安的兴奋心情表露无遗。,满心话登时说不出来，一头扑在亲人怀,心中有千言万语，却“登时说不出来”，表现出诗人见到亲人们时无以言表的激动，“扑”这一动作正是这种心情的外在表现。,语言描写,我梦见鸡毛信来可真见亲人,保卫延安你们费了心，白头发添了几根根。,表现了以老爷爷为代表的革命群众与诗人之间亲密无间的感情。,场景描写,一条条街道宽又平，一座座楼房披彩虹； 一盏盏电灯亮又明，一排排绿树迎春风,描写延安在新时期的新面貌，表达了对延安建设成就的赞美。,品味语言,品味精彩语句，体会不同修辞手法的表达效果。
12、,双手搂定宝塔山。,似言宝塔山之小，“我”可以搂住。因为日有所思，夜有所梦，诗人太想回到延安了，这显然是在梦中虚幻之事。,千声万声呼唤你。,表示一次次在心里呼唤延安，“千声万声”是夸张，表达了对延安的思念之深。,一口口的米酒千万句话。,与亲人想见有很多话说，但是说“千万句”就是夸张了。,千万条腿来千万只眼，也不够我走来也不够我看！,这是说“我”要把延安看个够，想到身上生出千万的腿和眼，是极度的夸张。表现了延安的巨大的喜人的变化。,身长翅膀吧脚生云。,幻想能在天空自由飞翔，可以来回看望延安母亲，运用夸张的修辞手法，抒发了诗人对延安母亲的眷恋之情。,杜甫川唱来柳林铺笑，红旗飘飘把手招。,运用了拟人
13、的修辞手法，赋予物人的动作，好像延安的一切都有了生命，都在欢迎自己回家，生动形象地反映出诗人重回故地的无限欣喜之情。,延河滚滚喊“前进”。,赋予延河以人的行为，寓意革命形势大发展。,一条条街道宽又平，一座座楼房披彩虹； 一盏盏电灯亮又明，一排排绿树迎春风,将彩色的楼房说成“披彩虹”，生动有趣，写出了延安楼房色彩的绚丽。 “迎春风”赋予“绿树”以人的情态，生动地写出了如今延安的生机盎然和美丽。,排比，颇有气势地描绘出延安城十年来的巨变,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
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15、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,母亲延安就在这里。 母亲延安换新衣。 再看延安母亲。,将延安比作母亲，表示亲切和敬意。,长江大河起浪花。,比喻与亲人围坐在炕上，说的话像江河的浪花一样没完没了。,
16、头顶着蓝田大明镜。,比喻延安的蓝天像大明镜，映照着美好的景象，表现了诗人兴奋喜悦、激动无比的心情。,树梢树枝树根根，亲山亲水有亲人。,以树起兴，比喻诗人与延安密不可分、血肉相连的关系。,比，就是比喻；兴，就是先说其他事物，引来要说的事物。,羊羔羔吃奶眼望着妈，小米饭养活我长大。,诗人如同羊羔一样吮吸母亲的乳汁，是母亲的乳汁养育了诗人，是延安的小米饭使诗人成长，写出了延安对诗人的养育之恩。,如何理解回延安采用“信天游”形式的好处？,深入探究,这首诗是诗人汲取民歌营养而创作的一篇优秀作品。诗人采用“信天游”民歌的形式来歌颂延安，这本身就是对母亲延安养育之恩的报答。诗人自始至终抓住了对母亲延安的感情，一咏三叹，洋溢着对延安眷恋、热爱、赞美的思想感情。,如“母亲延安就在这里”“母亲打发我们过黄河” “母亲延安换新衣”“再回
