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1、专题四 语法填空解题技巧与方法语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：通常考 冠词、介词、代词和连词 等四类词。一个空格只能填 一个单词。(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填 多个个单词语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词(verb)（或其适当形式）、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.) 考查各项语法内容。考点一：冠词 无提示词 名词之前1. There once were a goat a
2、nd a donkey. So the farmer killed 40_ _ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart. (14一模)2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was 35_ _ shy , nervous perfectionist. (15二模) 3. the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to 40
3、_ _ small town some 20 kilometers away (12年) 4. I still remember taking 22 _ visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub for lunch. 考查语法点: 定冠词,不定冠词的用法解题技巧下列情况很可能填 ：(1)_+可数名词(单数)；(2)_+形容词+可数名词(单数)。下列情况下很可能填 ：(1)_ (+定语)+名词+ of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)_ (+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；(3)_ (+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表
4、示特指)。1. Hes _ amazing singer, a music video director, a business owner and he 2. One way that Americans do this is with _ firm hand shake.3. This is _ law of Americanof all successful people.4. hour honest boy_ 8-year-old boy X-ray photo/umbrella/American 考点二：介词 无提示词：注意搭配问题 与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等 与不及物动
5、词构成动词短语接宾语1. In short, I believe that it is 39_ great use to keep a dairy in English 2. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back 34_the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. 3. She found some good quality pipes_ sale. 4. He was very tired _ doi
6、ng this for a whole day考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点三：代词 无提示词 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。 指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，it用作引导词,反身代词等1. She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. 2. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village, I wanted to re
7、ward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _ . 3. It has been said before, but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it again: a smile考查语法点: 代词的基本用法解题技巧因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语)等。在名词前作定语
8、就只能用形容词性物主代词了。考点四：连词或从句引导词 无提示词 两个主谓结构连接 1. Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains 16 the area is called the Black Country. 2. It got its name during the industrial revolution, 17 factory pollution turned the local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same co
9、lor. 3. Jane paused in front of a counter _ some attractive ties were on display.4. One day, he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法解题技巧(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and, or, but等。(2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻
10、辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and, but, while, when, or等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。考点五：谓语动词 有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构1. I was certain she would like it because I _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. (15广州一模) 2. His fear of failure _ (keep) him from classroom games that other childr
11、en played with joyous abandon. (14深圳二模)3. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary to our intention.(15广东)考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致考点六：非谓语动词 有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式1. We must also consider the reaction of the person 32_ (receive) the gift. 2. I then noticed that I had jus
12、t 10 minutes left _ (complete) the rest! 3. My pupils, Donnie 40_ (include), adored her. 4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) (raise). (11广州一模)考查语法点: 非谓语动词及变形的使用 考点七：词性转换.有提示词介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子1. “Thirty-five cen
13、ts,” she said 36_ (rude). 2. As far as I am concerned, my 37 _ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach. 3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) course. 4. _ (doubt), although there is still room for improvement to this
14、 policy, I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation.考查语法点: 各类词性的正确使用及转化考点八：形容词的级 有提示词 通常，有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级1.One of the 33_ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher 2. We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt _ (lonely
