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1、小升初语法数词和冠词一、数词表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词又分基数词和序数词，基数词表示数量，序数词表示顺序。1 最基本的基数词如下表所示：1101119201001 one11 eleven2 two12 twelve20 twenty 3 three13 thirteen30 thirty4 four14 fourteen40 forty5 five15 fifteen50 fifty6 six16 sixteen60 sixty 7 seven17 seventeen70 seventy 8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty9 nine19 nineteen90 nin
2、ety10 ten 100 one hundred*基数词的写法 ：2199的两位数，十位与个位之间用连字符“-”。例：21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety nine百位数：个位数基数词形式加“hundred”，表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and。例：101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight2序数词的构成1）一般来说，是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。例， four+ th- fourth six + th - sixth
3、seven + th - seventh ten + th - tenth2）下面这些基数词在变为序数词时，有特殊的变化。例， one - first two - second three - third five- fifth eight - eighth nine - ninth twelve - twelfth3）十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y 变成i，然后在加eth.例， twenty - twentieth thirty - thirtieth forty - fortieth ninety - ninetieth4) 两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数
4、词。例，twenty one - twenty- first thirty-five -thirty-fiftha hundred and fifty-three - a hundred and fifty- third 二、冠词 冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种。 a或an是不定冠词，the是定冠词。a用在辅音音素之前，如 a desk, a tree ; an 用在元音因素之前，如 an apple, an hour, an English book.1. 不定冠词（a,an）指人或事物的某一种类，表示“一个”，但不强调数量。She is a teacher. Thats an orange.
5、2. 定冠词 the，是特指某（些）人、某（些）物，或指说话人与听话人彼此知道的人或物，或者是在上文提到过的人和事。This is a bus. The bus is big.3. 不用冠词的情况：1） 专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如， Chinese, English, Jim等。2） 名词前已经有this, that, my, your等词时，就不再用冠词了。如，that mouse (那只老鼠) 3) 一些固定词组前不用定冠词。如， at home 在家 go to school 去上学*定冠词the的用法记忆口诀：特指、重提和唯一，岛屿、海峡和海湾；海洋、党派、最高级，
6、沙漠、河流与群山；方位、顺序和乐器，年代、团体与机关；船名、建筑和组织，会议、条约与报刊；姓氏复数、国全名，记住定冠the加在前。*零冠词用法口诀：月份、星期、节假洲，呼语、头衔职务前；三餐、球类、惯用语，学科、棋类名词前。冠词和数词专项练习一. 在空白处填上适当的冠词，不需要的填“/”。 1) at _home 2) go to_ bed 3) go to _school 4) have _ good time 5) _red apple 6) _ English book 7) _ spoon 8) _ orange 9) _melon 10) _ eraser二. 选择填空。( ) 1.
7、 There is _ “m” in the word “primary”A. an B. a C. the D. /( ) 2. This is _ orange bike .A. a B. an C. the D. /( ) 3.It always takes us half _ hour to have _ long walk after supper .A. a, a B, a ,the C. an , a D. an , the ( ) 4. English is _ useful language in _ world .A. an, the B. a , the C. the ,
8、 / D. / , the ( ) 5. We are going to _ cinema this evening.A. the B. / C. /a D. an ( ) 6. Hes standing on _ other side of _ river.A. a , a B. the , the C. the , a D. a , the ( ) 7. _ potato is a vegetable, not _ fruit.A. The, an B. The, a C. A, the D. An, / ( ) 8. He was _ first to come.A. The B. a
9、C. the D./( ) 9. Do you see _ book on _ table?A. the, a B. a, an C. an, an D. a , the ( ) 10. Wheres _ desk? Its in _ middle of the room.A. / , / B. / , a C. a , / D. the , the ( ) 11. He is _ friend of mine.A. an B. / C. the D. a ( ) 12. There is _ university near the farm.A. a B. an C. the D./( )
10、13. He died in _ autumn of 1989.A. / B. the C. a D. an ( ) 14. I have _ book. Its _ interesting one. I like reading _ books very much.A. a, an, / B. a, /, the C. an, an, the D. / , an , / ( ) 15. Today is _ Childrens Day.A. a B. an C. the D/ 能力测试卷（冠词和数词）一. 写出相邻的数词1. _ twenty _ 2. _ five _3. _ twelve
11、 _ 4. _ fifty-eight _ 5. _ ninety _ 6. _ seventy _7. _ thirty-eight _ 8. _ one hundred _9. _ one thousand _ 10. _ one _二. 选择正确答案( ) 1. There are _ days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five( ) 2. There a
12、re _ students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-six B. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and forty-six D. eight hundred forty-six( ) 3. My brother is in _.A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one( ) 4. He was doing some washing _.A. at eight yesterday morning B. yesterday morning eightC. yesterday morning at eight D. by eight yesterday morning( ) 5. There are _ months in a year. December is
