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1、2015年成人学位英语阅读理解解题方法：态度题态度题一篇文章不可避免地会反映作者的观点、态度和情绪。能否正确地把握作者的观点和态度是体现学生阅读理解能力的一个重要方面。这类题目主要是考查学生能否正确理解作者的写作意图、所持的观点及阐述文章主题时的语气或对他所论述的对象的态度。命题者命制这类题时往往涉及对有争议问题的看法，对事物的评价作者持什么样的态度？是赞同还是反对?是同情、冷漠、失望还是批评、表扬？(一)常见的提问形式The authors main purpose in this passage is .The authors purpose of writing this passage
2、 is.In this passage the authors attitude toward., could best be described as.What is the authors attitude towards. The authors main thought is that. The authors probably feels that. The writer discusses., in order to illustrate which of the following?. In this passage the author looks on . with an a
3、ttitude of. What is the tone/mood of the passage?. The author argues in the passage that. According to the author.解作者态度(attitude)或语气(tone)题，关键在于把握作者对全文主体事物(与主题有关)或某一具体事物的态度。由于作者态度主要由语言来表达，因此必须弄清有关表达褒义、中性和贬义的手段。1.加入形容词定语。例如：A.His words were few.B.His interesting words were few.假如A为中性叙述的话，那么B则体现了说话人对“
4、He”的正面评价。又如：C.They are all seniors.D.They are all premature seniors.同样，假如C项为中性叙述，那么由于加入形容词定语“premature”，D项表达了一种贬义。2.加入副词状语。加入的副词状语通常是对动词的叙述加以界定。例如：He successfully makes the travel plan.(表明一种正面态度);They speak clumsily.(表明一种负面态度)3.特殊动词。英语中有些动词也表明说话者的正负态度，如：fail(未能)、ignore(忽视)、overestimate(估计过高)等动词表示一种负
5、态度。由上可知，确定作者态度，可以有两种思路：问全文主体事物的(包括主题)，可以根据阐述主题或有关主体事物的相关句中的形容词、副词或动词，确定作者的态度;如果问的是对某一具体事物的态度，则可以定位到具体相关句，然后确定答案。例l3English folk singers have adopted a conventional method of singing. During the performance the eyes are closed,the head is upraised,and a rigid expression of counte-nance is maintained
6、until the song is finished. A short pause follows the conclusion,and then the singer relaxes his attitude and repeats in his ordinary voice the last line of the song, or its title. This is the invariably ritual or formal occasions. It does not proceed from any lack of appreciation. The English peasa
7、nt is by nature a shy man and unde- monstrative, and on ceremonious occasions, as when he is singing before an audience, he becomes very nervous and restrained, and welcomes the shelter afforded by conven-tion.The tone of this passage is best described asA. persuadingB. pleadingC. matter-of-factD. i
8、ronic这篇文章的语气是什么?是劝说性的A，或是恳求性的B，或客观的叙述C，或讽刺批评D?通读全文，我们体会不出A，B和D的语气。作者只是实事求是地描述英国乡村歌手的演唱风格及其造成的原因。因此C是答案。例14Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible.If we are to solve the nursing shortage(不足)，hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Is
9、raels example.At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state.Then she writes a care plan centered on the patientS illness but which also
10、 includes everything else that is necessary.The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization，keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor.If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment，it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose an- other
11、 approach to his doctor.What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized(分散的)nursing administra- tion;every floor，every unit is a self-contained organization.There are nurse-manag-ers instead of head nurses：in addition t
12、o their medical duties they do all their own hir-ing and dismissin9，employee advisin9，and they make salary recommendations.Each unitS nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.Beth IsraelS nurseinchief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hos-pital.She also is
13、a member of the Medical Executive Committee，which in most hospi-tals includes only doctors.The authorS attitude towards the nursing system at Beth Israel hospital isA.negativeB.neutralC.criticalD.positive这道题与文章主题有关，只需看主题句文章首句：Nursing at Beth Israel Hos-pital produces the best patient care possible.就
14、可以了，由其中的褒义形容词“best”可以推出作者对Beth Israel Hospital护理体制的褒扬，因此D为正确答案。例l5Where do pesticides (杀虫剂) fit into the picture of environmental disease? We have seen that they now pollute soil, water, and food, that they have the power to make our streams fishless and our gardens and woodlands silent and birdless
15、. Man, however much he may like to pretend the contrary, is part of nature. Can he escape a pollution that is now so thoroughly distributed throughout our world? We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, can cause ex- tremely severe poisoning. But this is
16、not the major problem. The sudden illness or death of farmers, farm workers, and others exposes to sufficient quantities of pesti-cides is very sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concerned with the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute our world.Responsible public health offi
