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1、主谓一致,1. 不定式短语、动词-ing形式或名词性从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Remembering /To remember English words is not easy. Who will do the job hasnt been decided yet. 注：what引导主语从句时，如果其表语是复数形式，谓语动词要用复数形式。如： What he took with him were two books. 他带去的是两本书。,2. “名词或代词+由with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, but ,ex
2、cept, including, in addition to, like, no less than, rather than等引起的短语”作主语时，谓语动词与前面的名词或代词的数一致。如： Mr Li together with his two sons has gone to the cinema. No one except the two boys was late for class. Li Ming, rather than his classmates, has let out the secret.,真题讲解,Mr. Wells. together with all the
3、members of his family, _ for Europe this afternoon. (04, 51) A. are to leave B. are leaving C. is leaving D. leave C,3. “more than one/many a + 单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： More than one person has known it. Many a worker was killed in the accident. 注：“More+复数名词 than one”作主语，谓语则用复数形式。如： More persons than
4、one have known it. 不止一个人知道这件事。,4. “一两个”，用“one or two+名词复数”表达时，谓语用复数； 用“a (an) +名词单数or two”表达时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： One or two days are enough for them. =A day or two is enough for them.,5. and连接两个名词一起作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。如： Lily and Kite are kind to me. 但是，当两个名词表示同一人、同一事物、同一概念或一个完整的东西时(其特征是and后的名词前无任何冠词) ，谓语动词用
5、单数形式。如： The teacher and writer has come. The teacher and the writer have come. Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. A knife and fork is on the table.,注：当and连接的并列单数主语前分别有no，each, every, many a, more than one 等修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Many a teacher and many a student has seen the film.,不定代词one, no o
6、ne, the other, another, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, nobody, anything, something, everything, nothing, each, either 以及被each, every修饰的名词做主语，尽管有些表达复数意义，但是，它们的谓语应该用单数形式。如： Is everybody here today? Neither (book) is good. None knows the weight of anothers burden. 见人挑担不吃力。,注：n
7、either, none做主语时，口语中或非正式文字中，谓语动词通常用复数，正式的书面语中用单数。如： Are/Is neither of the teams playing this week? None of them has/have been to the Great Wall.,6.在定语从句中，当关系代词 who, which或 that做主语时，从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词保持一致。如： The teacher who teaches us English is from England. Are these the books that were bought yesterda
8、y? I, who am a new teacher, will teach you English.,7. “one of+名词复数”后面的定语从句， 谓语动词应该用复数； 而“the (only) one of + 名词复数”后面的定语从句的谓语应该用单数形式。如： He is one of the students that have passed the exam He is the (only) one of the students that has passed the exam.,8. 某些集体名词，如family, audience, class, club, company
9、, crew, enemy, government, group, party, public, team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。如： My family are all fond of going to the cinema. 我全家都爱看电影。 The family is rather big, with twelve people in all. 这个家庭很大，总共有12个人。,9. 由两个部分构成一个整体的物品名词做主语，如shoes, glasses, boots, socks, scissors, comp
10、asses, trousers, shorts等，谓语通常用复数形式。如： His trousers are new. 但带有pair这样的量词时，谓语要与量词的数保持一致。如： That pair of trousers was sold out.,10. “分数（百分数）+ of + 名词”以及 “all (most, some, any, half, a lot, part, the rest) + of + 名词”做主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词的数一致。如： Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is water. Twenty pe
11、rcent of the oranges are bad. All of my classmates like music. All of the water is gone. The rest of the students have gone home. The rest of the money was stolen.,11. “a (the, this, that) kind /sort / type of + 名词”做主语，谓语用单数形式； 但“these (those, all, many, some) kinds of + 名词”做主语，谓语则用复数形式。如： This kind
12、 of book is useful for us. Many kinds of shoes are on sale in that shop.,注：“名词+ of a (the, this, that, these, those, all, some, many等) + kind (s) ”做主语，谓语动词的数与前面名词的数一致。如： Book of this kind is useful for us. Apples of these kinds are sour.,12.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如： On the wall hang two large por
13、traits. Between the two rows of trees stands the teaching building. “a number of +复数名词”意为“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of +复数名词”意为“的数目”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.,13. “a +单数名词+and a half”和“one and a half +复数名词”做主语，谓
14、语动词用单数形式。如： One and a half pears has been left on the table. 盘子里剩下一个半梨子。,14. 并列连词or, either or, neither nor， not but和not only but also连接主语时，必须根据就近原则（即根据最靠近谓语动词的词语）来确定动词的人称。 eg. Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer. Either Tim or his brothers have to shovel the snow. Not you, but I am
15、 to blame. Not only the students but also the teacher was invited.,真题讲解,1. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because _ going to agree upon anything today. ( 03,50) A. neither you nor I are B. neither you nor me is C. neither you nor I am D. neither me nor you are C,2. The statistics _ that
16、 living standards in the area have improved drastically in recent times. (06, 62) A. proves B. is proving C. are proving D. prove D 【详解】statistics 这里表示“统计数字、数据”，是复数形式，谓语动词prove也应用复数形式。另外prove不宜用进行时，即“数据证明”，而非“数据正在证明”，故选D prove。,这里可能会造成误解的，是当“statistics”作“统计学”时是做单数处理。 如：Statistics is a branch of mathematics. 统计学是数学的一个分支。表示“学科”的一些词以复数的形式出现，但是动词以单数处理。 如：Mathematics is a subject studied in nearly every school. Politics is much mo
