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1、第2讲 化学键与分子间作用力,化学 鲁科版,第12章 物质结构与性质(选考),分子结构与性质,共价键,共用电子对,饱和性,方向性,头碰头,肩并肩,极性,偏移,非极性,偏移,单,一对,双,两对,叁,三对,键能,键长,键角,大,短,稳定性,立体构型,原子总数,价电子总数,相似,N2,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,题组一 用分类思想突破化学键的类别,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,题组二 键参数的应用,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5
2、,解析,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,解析,C,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,解析,题组三 等电子原理应用,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,解析,题组三 等电子原理应用,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,题组三,4,5,分子的立体结构,直线形,BeCl2,180,知识梳理,平面正三角形,BF3,120
3、,V形,SnBr2,105,正四面体形,CH4,109.5,三角锥形,NH3,107.3,V形,H2O,104.5,1个s轨道,1个p轨道,180,直线,HCCH,1个s轨道,2个p轨道,120,平面三,HCHO,1个s轨道,3个p轨道,109.5,正四,CH4,角形,面体,知识梳理,孤电子对,空轨道,配位原子,中心原子,配位体,配位数,3,1,4,四面体形,直线形,sp3,0,2,2,直线形,直线形,sp1,直线形,sp1,2,2,4,四面体形,V形,sp3,1,2,3,平面三角形,V形,sp2,0,3,3,平面三角形,平面三角形,sp2,0,3,3,平面三角形,平面三角形,sp2,0,3,
4、3,平面三角形,平面三角形,sp2,1,3,4,四面体形,三角锥形,sp3,1,3,4,四面体形,三角锥形,sp3,1,3,4,四面体形,三角锥形,sp3,0,4,4,正四面体形,正四面体形,sp3,0,4,4,正四面体形,正四面体形,sp3,平面形,sp2,平面六边形,sp2,sp3，sp2,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,解析,题组一 常见分子(离子)空间构型的考查,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,解析,C,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一 常见分子(离子)空间构型的考查,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,
5、4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,解题思路,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,解析,题组二 配位键、配合物理论,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,解析,题组二 配位键、配合物理论,A,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,难电离,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5
6、,题组一,题组二,1,2,3,4,5,分子间作用力与物质的性质,重合,不重合,非极性键或极性键,对称,不对称,非极性键,或极性键,非极性,极性溶剂,增大,镜像,不能重叠,手性异构体,四个不同基团或原子,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,题组一 分子间作用力及对物质性质的影响,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,答案 A,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,
7、7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,答案 B,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,答案 A,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,B,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,
8、1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,题组一,题组二,5,6,7,探究高考明确考向,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,探究高考明确考向,1,2,3,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,探究高考明确考向,sp3,1,2,3,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,探究高考明确考向,1,2,3,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,探究高考明确考向,1,2,3,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,探究高考明确考向,强,1,2,3,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,探究高考明确考向,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3
9、,4,5,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,探究高考明确考向,三角锥形,sp3,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,sp2杂化,sp3杂化,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,sp3,正四面体,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,平面三角形,sp3,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,解析,全国卷、高考题调
10、研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,解析,sp3,小于,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,解析,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,解析,分子间作用力,乙酸,全国卷、高考题调研,各省
11、市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,ad,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,中形成分子内氢键，,使其更难电离出H,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1
12、,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,探究高考明确考向,答案 (3)AE,(4)BC G CE ABD,返回,全国卷、高考题调研,各省市高考题调研,1,2,(一),(二),3,4,1,2,3,4,5,本讲内容结束 请完成练出高分,练出高分,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,B,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分
13、,解析,B,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,B,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,B,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,C,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13
14、,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,C,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,C,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,D,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,1,2,4,5,6,
15、7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,解析,D,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,答案 D,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15,3,12,练出高分,答案 (1)
