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1、,5 大自然的语言,R八年级语文下册,1.了解物候学的有关知识，理清文章的说明顺序。(重点) 2.体会课文准确严谨、生动形象的语言，分析文中的说明方法及其作用。(难点) 3.激发热爱科学、探索科学奥秘的兴趣，培养注重观察、讲究实证的科学态度。(重点),竺可桢（18901974），字藕舫，浙江上虞人。中国科学院院士，中国近代气象学家、地理学家、教育家。他是中国近代地理学和气象学的奠基者，是中国物候学的创始人。主要著作有物候学中国近五千年来气候变迁的初步研究等。,本文是根据科学大众1963年第1期的一门丰产的科学物候学一文改写而成。竺可桢写作此文的目的在于普及物候知识，帮助困难时期的农业生产，以提
2、高农作物的产量。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
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4、才路,状元成才路,翩然（ ） 孕育（ ） 风雪载途（ ）炎热（ ） 簌簌（ ） 物候（ ） 农谚（ ） 连翘（ ） 悬殊（ ） 纬度（ ） 经度（ ） 销声匿迹（ ）,pin,zi,yn,yn,hu,sh,s,yn,qio,wi,n,jn,词语解释,次第：依次。 翩然：动作轻快的样子。 孕育：怀胎生育，比喻既存的事物中酝酿着新事物。 销声匿迹：本义是不再公开讲话，不再公开露面。这里指昆虫无声无息、无影无踪。 衰草连天：很多草枯黄败落的样子。 载途：满路，有遍地的意思。,周而复始：一次又一次地循环。 草长莺飞：形容春天美好的情景。 物候：生物的周期性现象与季节气候的关系。也指自然界非生物变化与季
5、节气候的关系。 悬殊：相差很远。 观测：观察并测量（天文、地理、气象、方向等）。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
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7、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,认真读课文，完成任务： 1.理清文章的结构层次。 2.文章运用了什么说明顺序。,逻辑顺序,（13） 什么是物候和物候学。 （45） 物候观察对农业的意义。 （610） 物候现象来临的决定因素。 （1112） 物候观测研究的意义。,文章结构,默读第一部分，回答下列问题：,什么叫物候？什么叫物候学？,草木枯荣、候鸟来去等自然现象，古代劳动人民称之为物候。 利用物候知识来研究农业生产的科学，叫物候学。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
8、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
9、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,朗读第一段，想一想：这一段主要描写了什么内容？按照什么顺序来描写的？,以优美生动的写景笔调描写了一年四季丰富的物候现象
10、，给读者展现了一幅四季风景画。本段是按照四季的时间顺序来写的。表示时间的词语有“立春过后”“再过两个月”“不久”“于是转入”“到了秋天”“准备迎接”等，条理清晰。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
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12、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,果实成熟 叶子变黄 北雁南飞 昆虫匿迹,衰草连天,冰雪融化 草木萌发 花次第开 燕子归来 布谷鸟来,孕育果实,大自然的语言,秋,夏,冬,春,秋天,春天,冬天,夏天,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
13、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
14、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第2段作者举杏花、桃花、布谷鸟三个例子时采用了什么修辞方法？有什么样的表达效果？,拟人。形象生动地写活了大自然中无比丰富的物候现象。增强了文章的生动性和可读性。,默读第二部分，回答问题：,物候观测对农业有什么重要意义？,物候观测的数据反映气温、湿度等气候条件的综合，也反映
15、气候条件对于生物的影响，比较简便，容易掌握。可以广泛地运用在农业生产上。,物候观测使用的是“活的仪器”，是活生生的生物。它比气象仪器复杂得多，灵敏得多。,这两句运用了什么说明方法？有怎样的作用？,作比较。说明了物候观测的重要特征是使用活生生的生物进行观测，并且这种观测要更复杂、更灵敏。,朗读句子，说一说：,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
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