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1、中餐菜名英文翻译随着我国加入WTO及对外交往活动的日益增多，餐饮业也面临着走向世界这个问题。因此，我们作为餐饮业的从业人员，或多或少地懂一点有关餐饮方面的专业英语，是非常必要的。餐饮专业英语主要包括日常会话用语、烹饪技术用语和中餐英文菜单等等，而这其中尤以中餐英文菜单用得最为普遍。要将中餐菜单翻译成英文，就先得了解中餐菜名的构成及命名方法。中餐菜名通常由原料名称，烹制方法、菜肴的色香味形器、菜肴的创始人或发源地等构成。这种反映菜肴内容和特色的命名方法叫做写实性命名法，此外还有反映菜肴深刻含义的写意性命名法。由于汉语和英语的差异很大，我们在把中餐菜名由中文译成英文的时候，应该采用写实性命名法，尽
2、量将菜肴的原料、烹制方法、菜肴的味型等翻译出来，以便让客人一目了然。为了让大家更好地掌握将中餐菜名译成英文的技巧，笔者特将自己在翻译中总结出来的几点“公式”(中英文对照)介绍如下，以供大家参考。一、以主料开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的主料和辅料：公式：主料(形状)+(with)辅料例：杏仁鸡丁chicken cubes with almond牛肉豆腐beef with beancurd西红柿炒蛋Scrambled egg with to tomato2介绍菜肴的主料和味汁：公式：主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁例：芥末鸭掌duck webs with mustard sauce葱油鸡chick
3、en in Scallion oil米酒鱼卷fish rolls with rice wine二、以烹制方法开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的烹法和主料：公式：烹法+主料(形状)例：软炸里脊soft-fried pork fillet烤乳猪roast suckling pig炒鳝片Stir-fried eel slices2介绍菜肴的烹法和主料、辅料公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with)辅料仔姜烧鸡条braised chicken fillet with tender ginger3介绍菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁：公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁例：红烧牛肉braised beef wit
4、h brown sauce鱼香肉丝fried shredded pork with Sweet and sour sauce清炖猪蹄stewed pig hoof in clean soup三、以形状或口感开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的形状(口感)和主料、辅料公式：形状(口感)+主料+(with)辅料例：芝麻酥鸡crisp chicken with sesame陈皮兔丁diced rabbit with orange peel时蔬鸡片Sliced chicken with seasonal vegetables2介绍菜肴的口感、烹法和主料公式：口感+烹法+主料例：香酥排骨crisp fried s
5、pareribs水煮嫩鱼tender stewed fish香煎鸡块fragrant fried chicken3介绍菜肴的形状(口感)、主料和味汁公式：形状(口感)+主料+(with)味汁例：茄汁鱼片sliced fish with tomato sauce椒麻鸡块cutlets chicken with hot pepper黄酒脆皮虾仁crisp shrimps with rice wine sauce四、以人名或地名开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料公式：人名(地名)+主料例：麻婆豆腐Ma Po beancurd四川水饺Sichuan boiled dumpling2介绍菜
6、肴的创始人(发源地)、烹法和主料公式：人名(地名)+烹法+主料例：东坡煨肘DongPo stewed pork joint北京烤鸭Roast Beijing Duck在中餐菜名翻译成英文的过程中，可以采用多种不同的方法，而且每一道菜都可以从不同的角度入手进行翻译。例如，川菜中的“宫保鸡丁”这道菜就有以下几种译法：1.sauteed chicken cubes with peanuts2.Gongbao chicken cubes3.diced chicken with chilli and peanuts由此可见，中餐菜名的英译方法是灵活多变的。至于我们在翻译中最终采用哪种方法，则可根据各人的
7、习惯和具体情况确定。不过根据笔者的经验，只要掌握了第一种以主料开头的翻译方法，对其它种类的翻译方法便可以触类旁通，我们只需根据文中所列出的翻译公式去相应作一些交换就行了。中英文菜谱肉类 Meat白切肉 boiled pork sliced白扣羊肉 boiled mutton爆牛肚 fried trips扁豆肉丝 shredded pork and french beans冰糖肘子 pork jiont stewed with rock sugar菠萝香酥肉 sweet-and-sour pork with pineapple叉烧肉 bbq pork(cantonese tyle)/grille
8、d pork炒腊肉 stir-fried smoked pork炒木须肉 fried shreds of pork,fungus and eggs ,meat with omelet and fungus炒里脊丝 saute pork fillet shreds炒肉片 fried pork sliced炒肉丁 fried meat cubes炒肉丝 fried shredded pork炒猪肝 fried pork liver炒肚尖 fried tip of pigs tripes炒羊肚 fried lamb tripes豉汁牛肉 fried beef with soy bean sauce葱
9、爆肉丁 sliced pork with scallion葱爆肉粉丝 pork slices with vermicelli葱爆羊肉 fried mutton slice with green scallion葱头牛肉丝 shredded beef with onion脆皮三丝卷 crisp rolls of pork,sea-cucumber and bamboo shoots冬笋炒肉丝 asute shredded pork with bamboo shoots冬菇猪蹄 pigs trotters with mushrooms冬菜扣肉 steamed spicy cabbage abd p
10、ork豆瓣牛肉 beef in chilli bean sauce炖猪蹄 stewed pigs trotters粉蒸排骨 steamed spareribs with rice flower咖哩牛肉 fried curry beef干煸牛肉丝 sauteed beef shreds with chilli宫爆腰花stir-fried kidney with chilli and peanuts古老肉sweet-and-sour pork蚝油牛肉oyster sauce beef红烧肉stewed pork with brown sauce红烧狮子头stewed meatballs with
11、brown sauce红烧排骨spareribs with brown sauce红烧肘子pork leg braised in brown sauce红烧蹄筋braised tendon with brown sauce红烧牛肉beef with brown sauce红烧羊肉mutton braised in brown sauce红油肚丝shredded tripe with chilli sauce滑肉片sliced prok with cream sauce滑溜里脊saute fillet with thick gravy花椒牛肉cayenne beef黄瓜肉丁diced pork
12、with cucumber回锅肉stir-fried boiled pork slices in hot sauce .twice-cooked porkslices回锅辣白肉white meat in hot sauce家乡熏蹄home-made pigs trotters酱肉braised pork weasoned with soy sauce酱牛肉spiced beef酱爆肉fried sliced pork with soy sauce酱爆肉丁fried diced pork in soy sauce酱爆肉丝shredded pork with soy sauce酱猪肘spiced
13、pigs leg酱猪肚spiced pigs tripe椒酱肉mixed meat with chilli韭黄肉丝shredded pork with chives烤乳猪roasted sucking pig烤猪肉roast pork烤牛肉roast beef扣肉braised meat辣子肉丁diced prok with green pepper栗子红烧肉braised pork with chestnuts蚂蚁上树vermicelli with spicy minced pork梅干菜扣肉steamed pork with preserved vegetables焖牛肉pot roast
14、 beef米粉蒸肉steamed pork with fice flower蜜汁火腿steamed ham with honey sauce扒白条braised pork slices排肉片tewed pork strip肉片meat slice肉丝shredded meat肉末minced meat肉丁diced meat肉馅meat filling清炸猪里脊dry-fried pork fillet青椒肉丝shredded pork with green pepper青椒牛肉fried beef with green pepper清蒸猪脑white steamed pigs brain清蒸羊肉steamed mutton清炖牛尾steamed oxtail in clear soup软炸里脊soft-fried fillet砂锅狮子头meatballs in earthen-pot砂锅丸子meat balls en casserole生汆牛肉片poached beef fillet时蔬炒牛肉sauteed sliced beef with seasonal g
