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1、阅读理解解题技巧,主讲人：樊瑞芳,驻马店第四中学,阅读理解 是英语能力培养的重点项目，是考试的一个重要题型，分值高、题量大。阅读理解考查的根本是检验学生对有关信息的加工能力。 阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度和理解力的正确率。 因此，阅读理解的功夫应下在平时。多分析题型，多了解考点，真正做到有的放矢，提高命中率。,新课标解读,据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义,能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系,能预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局,能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料,能根据不同的阅读目的 运用简单的阅读策略获取信息,不借助词典能读懂含有3%左右生词的语言材料。能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略获取信
2、息,命题依据,能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略快速获取细节信息。 能把握所读材料的中心思想和主要事实。 能把握所读材料的主要逻辑线索，事件和空间的顺序。 能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解词义。 能根据上下文理解作者的态度、观点和意图。 能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和结局。,能力要求,预测能力 快速阅读能力 整体理解能力 快速准确获取关键信息能力 把握全文主旨能力,能力要求,把握段落主旨能力 对西方文化的理解能力 句子结构和文章结构的理解能力 掌握一定的阅读词汇量 词语意义的理解能力,解题步骤,一、先读问题，弄清考查要点 二、快速浏览全文，掌握全貌 三、细读原文，
3、捕捉相关信息词 四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案,主旨大意型,事实细节型,词 义 猜 测 型,命 题 类,推 理 判 断 型,Step Two: How to Dealing with the Problems on Reading Comprehension,一、主旨大意题 （做题要领）,1.干扰项 可能属文中某个具体事实或细节。,2.干扰项 可能属从文中某些 (不完全的) 事 实或细节片面推出的错误结论。,3.干扰项 可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。,(正确答案) 是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。,1)What does the writer mainl
4、y tell us? 2)Whats the main idea of this text? 3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea? 4)Which is the subject discussed in the text? 5) The main idea of the passage is 6)Whats the best title for this passage?,主旨大意题 的常见的提问形式:,技巧解析：主旨大意题主要考查对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。寻找主题句往往是做好此类题的关键。因此，在做题时，要注
5、意每段的主题句。抓住主题句，就不难确定文章的中心思想。,寻找主题句的方法： 1.认真阅读文章的首尾段或每段的首尾句子。 2.文章的主题作者往往有意识地反复论述。抓住反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。,Example :,There are many different ways to travel to Paris from London. One of the quickest and most popular ways is by train. From Waterloo Railway Station, you can travel all the way to Paris. T
6、he journey takes about three hours. The train, called the Eurostar, is very modern, and the seats are comfortable. You can also travel to France by ship. Another way to travel to Paris is by plane. 80. The passage mainly tells us about_. A. different ways traveling from London to Paris B. internatio
7、nal flights from London to Paris C. buses stopping at Ferry Terminal Seven in Dover,主题句出现在段首： 在议论文和说明文中，一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证或说明细节。,Every 30 seconds there is an earthquake. But dont worry because most are so weak that they cannot be. felt. Only a few big ones hurt people. Many earthquakes happen
8、ed in China, such as the big one in Sichuan last month. Thousands of people died in it. So its important to know what to do when one hits. Here are some tips on how to stay safe in an earthquake. 1. I,主题句也可能出现在段尾： 作者先摆出事实依据，或者提出问题，然后层层推进，提出解决方法，然后后文再进一步详述。本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现，是全文的主题句，下文按照主题句进行展开,Weve tal
9、ked about snails (蜗牛) and their slow move. But much of the time snails dont move at all. They are in their shells (壳) sleeping. Hot sun will dry out a snails body. So at the least sign of hot sun, a snail draws its body into his shell. A snail will die in a heavy rain. So when it rains, a snail does
10、 the same thing, too. A snail can sleep for as long as it needs to. It spends all the winter months in its shell, asleep. In the spring the snail wakes up. Its body, about three inches long, comes out from the shell. When hungry, the snail looks for food. Its eyes, at the end of the top feelers (触角)
11、, are very weak. But its sense (感觉) of smell is very strong. It helps the snail to find food and the new greens. A snails mouth is no bigger than the point of a pin (大头针). Yet it has 256,000 teeth! The teeth are very small, and you cant see them. If you put a snail in a hard paper box, it will eat i
12、ts way out! And if a snail wears out its teeth, it will grow new ones.,文章的主题也可能以高频词的形式出现。本文并没有出现明确的主题句，但细看之下会发现，文章中“snail”这个词出现的频率高达13次，是整篇文章中出现频率最高的词汇。snail既是文章说明的对象，又是文章的主题。,阅读理解基础训练,Basic Training,-主旨大意题,Passage 1 “Mary, your bedroom is a mess(脏乱). Come and clean it up right now.” her mum said. M
13、ary wanted to go outside and play. “Ill clean it up later, Mum.” “Oh no , you wont. Ive been asking you for days,” her mum said . Mary went into her bedroom. She put away all of her clothes and put all the rubbish into a plastic bag .Mum, Im going outside to Play now .” She ran into the back garden
14、.this was her favorite place to be .A small butterfly flew over and landed on Marys hand .”Youre a pretty little butterfly ,”May said ,”Does your mum make you keep your bedroom clean?” “What if I left my rubbish all didnt keep the garden clean and tidy ?Would you have a nice Place to sit among the f
15、lowers ?”said the butterfly . “Id not be happy if I came out to see rubbish here and there ,”Mary said . “Everybody has to do their part and keep their rooms or their flower gardens clean ,”the butterfly said and then flew away . Mary hurried into the house and said to her mother ,”Ill keep my room clean from now on ,Mum .Ive got to do my part .”And she did just that .,练习题,细节题,解释,Question: What is the main idea of the story ? （主旨大意题） A. A butterfly is kids best friend B. Everyone should keep their rooms clean C. Everybody has to do their part D. A butterfly is a b
