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1、初中英语语法:八种时态详解与练习1 概念：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示， 这种不同的动词形式称为时态。 2 种类：（基本时态） 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时 过去完成时一般现在时一、概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 二、常搭配的时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.三、基本结构 be动词（is,am,are）；行为动词(主语是第
2、三人称单数时谓语动词要加s或es外)否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。例句：I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七点去上学。Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
3、我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 四、基本用法：1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如：They raise ducks as a sideline .他们以养鸭为副业。She doesnt often write to her fa
4、mily, only once a month. 她不常给家里写信，仅一月一封而已。I cycle to work every day .我每天骑自行车上班。It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。2）仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。这里的目的是为了描述现阶段的动作或状态，其重点不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态。例如：He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。That is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers
5、in the world. 长江是世界上最长河流之一。She majors in music .她主修音乐。All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。（强调每个家人）My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。顾名思义，客观的情况是没有时间概念的；也不会在意动作进行的状态。例如：The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。Ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八。Light travels faster than s
6、ound .光的速度比声音的速度快。The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美国位于太平洋西岸。4) 根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如：Ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details.如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。用
7、于一般现在时的副词，除了上面提到的一些表示频率的词以外，常见的还有：now, today , nowadays等等。 练习题：用动词的适当形式填空：1.Why_Tom absent today ? ( be ) 2.Mike_(go)to school at seven in the morning.3.My mother_(like) _(go) shopping. 4.I can _(draw) many beautiful pictures. 5.Does he_(like)_(jump) ? 6.The students_(speak) English in class. 7.The
8、student_(speak) Chinese after class. 8. Lets_and play football . ( go ) 9. He_ like swimming . ( not ) 10. _your sister study English at school ? No , she_ . ( do ) 用所给动词的适当形式填空： 1I _(write) to you as soon as I _(get) to London. 2. He doesnt feel well and _(not eat) any food this morning. 3. He _ no
9、t _(see) me come in, for he _(read) something with great interest. 4. Dont make a niose. Grandpa _(sleep). 5. It _(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night. 6. What _ your mother _(do) at eight yesterday evening? She _(wash) clothes. 7. _ it _ (rain) when school was over yesterday? 8 The
10、teacher told us the earth _ (move) round the sun. 单项选择： 1.The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow. A.dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain 3. The picture _ nice. A.looks B.is looked C.look D.is looking 4. She _ down and soon fell asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. lay 6. We shall
11、go to Shanghai on business before you _ back next week. A. wil come B. came C. would come D. come 7. Dont smoke until the plane _ off. A.takes B.took C.was taken D.is take 8. I saw her _ the room this morning. A.to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters 11. He told us _ at eight. A. working B. to work
12、C. work D. worked 12. Youd better _ at home and _ your homework. A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to do 14. Uncle Wang knows _ a washing machine. A. how to make B. to make C. how making D. what to make 15. Jim decided _ Polly to Ling Feng when he was back to England. A. to leave
13、 B. left C. leaving D. leave4）改句子 1. We have four lessons.（否定句）2.I have many books. （改为否定句） 3.Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis （改为否定句）4.She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句） 5.I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句） 6.David has got a goal. （改为一般疑问句）7.We have four lessons.（否定句）8.Tom d
14、oes his homework at home. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问9.I usually play football on Friday afternoon. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问一般过去时一、概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。二、常搭配的时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time
