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1、 Module 4 Rules and suggestions 词句精讲精练词汇精讲1. rule （1）rule作名词，意为“规则, 规章, 规定, 条例”。follow/obey the rules 意为“遵守规则”; break the rules意为“违反规则”。例如： There are a lot of rules in my family. 我们家有很多规定。 You should obey the traffic rules. 你应该遵守交通规则。 （2）rule 作动词，意为“统治; 控制”。例如： The King ruled his people well and wis
2、ely. 这位国王贤明地统治着他的臣民。 Hilter ruled Germany for only 12 years. 希特勒统治德国仅12年。2.sound/noise/voice （1）sound这个词的使用范围很大，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound来表示, 无论高低、好听难听等。例如：At midnight he heard a strange sound. 半夜里他听到一种奇怪的声音。（2）voice一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌等人发出的声响都可以用voice表示。例如：Meg raised her voice. 梅格提高了她的声音。（3）noise意为“噪音”，专指人们不喜欢或
3、者不愿意听到的声音。例如：Dont make any noise! 别吵了!3 go off go off 意为“离开，走掉，走散”。例如： He went off in a hurry. 他匆匆走掉了。 Dont go off the main road, or youll be lost. 不要离开大路，否则会迷路的。 【拓展】go off的其他用法： （1）go off 意为“发出响声”。例如：My alarm clock didnt go off. 我的闹钟没有响。 The alarm went off. 警铃骤然响起。（2）go off 意为“变质，变坏”。例如：Milk goes
4、off quickly in the hot weather. 牛奶在热天很容易变坏。（3）go off 意为“（电灯）熄灭，（电）中断”。例如： There was a power cut and all of the lights went off. 停电了，所有的灯熄灭了。4. on ones own on ones own 意为“独自，单独”，相当于all by oneself 或者alone。例如： She lives on her own. = She lives all by herself. = She lives alone. 她一个人生活。 This is not grou
5、p work, Tom, you should do it on your own.这可不是小组活动，汤姆，你应该独自完成。5. clear(1) clear作形容词，意为“与不接触的；与分离的”，其后常与of连用。例如：Keep clear of fires. 远离火源。Stand clear of the stage. 站得离舞台远些。(2) clear作形容词，意为“清澈的；透明的；晴朗的；明白的”。例如：How clear the water in the lake is! 湖里的水真清澈啊！Standing on the top of the building, you can se
6、e most of the city on a clear day.在晴朗的天气里，站在这座楼的顶部你能看见这个城市的大部分。“Is that clear?”the teacher asked.“明白了吗？”老师问道。(3) clear的副词形式有两种：clearly与clear。clearly表示抽象意义上的“清楚地”clear表示实际上的“清楚地，明显地”。例如：He knows this clearly. 他清楚地知道这一点。I can hear you loud and clear. 我能听见你说话，声音响亮又清楚。(4) clear还可用作动词，意为“移除，清除，（天）变晴”等。例如
7、： My father usually clears the table after supper. 晚饭后我爸爸常收拾桌子。 The sky cleared after the storm. 暴风雨过后天放晴了。6. towards towards 介词，意为“向，趋向，朝”。常用在动词的后面表示动作的方向，用在表示时间的名词前则表示“接近”。例如：He pushed the cup towards me. 他把茶杯推向我。They left towards ten oclock. 他们将近10点钟时离开了。 【拓展】towards to （1）towards 指“朝”目的地移动。例如：Th
8、e dog is coming towards the boy. 狗朝男孩儿走去。 （2）to 含有“到达”之意。例如：The dog came to the boy. 狗走到男孩儿那儿。7. put up（1）put up 是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语，意为“张贴；公布”。例如:The principal put up the exam result.校长公布了这次考试的结果。 （2）put up 意为“提高；增加；抬高(租金、价格等)”。例如：My landlord was threatening to put the rent up by 10 dollars a week.我房东要
9、挟说要把每周房租提高10美元。 【拓展】 （1）“动词加副词”构成的短语，如果宾语是名词时，宾语可以放在副词之前， 也 可以放在副词之后。例如：Please take the book away. = Please take away the book。请把这本书拿走。I put my coat on. = I put on my coat.我穿上了我的外套。 （2）“动词加副词”构成的短语，如果宾语为代词时，宾语只能放在副词之前。例如：I dont like the book. Please take it away.我不喜欢这本书，请把它拿走。（不能说Please take away it
10、.）I took out my coat and put it on.我拿出了外套，把它穿上。（不能说put on it）8. look afterlook after 是动词短语，意为“照顾、照料”，后接名词或者代词做宾语。例如：Please look after the little boy. 请照顾一下这个小孩儿。look after 常与词组take care of 互换。例如：You must look after the cat. = You must take care of the cat. 你必须照顾这只猫。词汇精练. 英汉互译。1. 离开，走散_ 2. 照顾，照看_3. s
11、ee sb. do _ 4. on ones own_5. reach out _ 6. 张贴，公布_7. towards _ 8. have to _.根据首字母或汉语提示完成句子。 1. Atschool there are _(规章) that everyone needs to follow. 2. There were lots of fish living in these _(小溪) before. 3.With a _(突然的) noise, the earthquake happened. 4. At the end of the book, the writer offer
12、s a few helpful _(建议). 5. He spoke in a _(明白清楚的) voice so that everyone could understand him. 6. She had to stand s_ while there was so much traffic going and comingaround her. 7. The book was so boring that I fell a_ while I was reading it.8. The policeman made a g_ to ask the driver to stop the ca
13、r.9. Over the past 20 years, Guo Mingyi has donated 60,000 ml of b_ .10. The city is too noisy and he wants to move to a p_ village. 从方框内选择适当的单词并用其正确形式完成句子。clear, peaceful, valley, suggestion, asleep, damage, gesture, suddenly, still, effort, five, direct1 This is the _ lesson. Its very easy.2 I hop
14、e that our world will be _ without war or fighting.3 This trip was made at his teachers _.4 We were very surprised to see his _ change.5 The earthquake caused serious _ to some buildings in Sichuan Province.6 We had a _ view of the mountains.7 They found a beautiful _ by a stream behind the mountain.8 We mustnt make any _ when we are having exams.9 The policemen were making a huge _ to save the girl in the middle of the river.10 The little boy kept _ in his
