《2019全程备考二轮复习高三英语“阅读理解”热考话题分类练习 阅读理解专练(七)自然与环境（带答案）》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2019全程备考二轮复习高三英语“阅读理解”热考话题分类练习 阅读理解专练(七)自然与环境（带答案）（7页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、阅读理解专练(七)自然与环境(限时20分钟)A(2019届高三郑州模拟)Hail (冰雹) is solid precipitate (沉淀物) that forms within thunderstorms.Hailstones are sometimes found containing sand, leaves, nuts and insects.There are even reports of hail containing small turtles, baby crocodiles and frogs! All of them have been sucked into the
2、storm by tornadoes and subsequently enveloped in ice through repeated updraft currents (上升气流)Hailstones generally begin forming as seeds of small frozen raindrops or soft ice particles known as graupel (雪丸)If graupel falls through the cloud and gets into an updraft part of a thunderstorm, it mixes w
3、ith water drops and ice particles that will freeze around it as it rises, like layers of an onion.These icestones are carried into the tops of the cloud, gaining mass as they rise.Somewhere up there, they become too heavy for the updraft to carry and so fall towards the ground.As they fall, the outs
4、ide layer melts to a clear layer.Larger hail can fall at a speed of over 100 mph, thus causing damage and injuries to almost anything.Pea to pennysized hail can cause light damage to trees and vegetation and possibly cause minor injuries to people and animals.Tennis ball to baseballsized hail is obv
5、iously damaging.It can cause severe damage to crops and produce lifethreatening injuries to people and animals.Deaths caused by hail are rare in the US with the last known fatality occurring in March 2000 in Lake Worth, Texas.A young man died from head injuries after being stuck by a softballsized h
6、ailstone.Deaths and injuries are more common in other parts of the world where people live in poorly constructed buildings with little protection.If caught in a hailstorm while driving, attempt to stop immediately or pull into a nearby safe place; otherwise, the effect of the hail will be maximized.
7、Try to drive and park the vehicle in the direction of the hail so that it is hitting the front of the vehicle.Windscreens are generally strengthened and can withstand larger impacts than side and back windows.This will lessen any damage from flying glass to both people and equipment in the vehicle.语
8、篇解读：本文主要讲什么是冰雹，冰雹是怎样形成的，它有多大的危害，如果在驾驶途中遇到了冰雹该怎么办。1What makes some hail contain something unusual? AAir currents.BStrong storms.CThunderstorms and tornadoes.DTornadoes and updraft currents.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知冰雹里含有小海龟、小鳄鱼以及青蛙是因为龙卷风将它们卷入空中，再加上上升的气流使它们被冰包住。2What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?AHow h
9、ail comes into being.BWhat graupel is made up of.CWhat different layers of hail look like.DHow graupel mixes with water and ice.解析：选A段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可推知该段主要讲冰雹是如何形成的。3What does the underlined word “fatality” in Paragraph 4 probably refer to? AFrightening event.BUnexpected damage.CSerious injury in a d
10、isaster.DDeath resulting from a disaster.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的“with the last known fatality occurring in March 2000 in Lake Worth, Texas”及下文冰雹造成了一名男子的死亡可猜出fatality意为“死亡”。4Whats the purpose of the last paragraph?ATo urge people to stay away from hailstorms.BTo warn drivers of the potential dangers dur
11、ing hailstorms.CTo offer guidance to drivers on how to prevent hail damage.DTo advise people to purchase necessary protective equipment.解析：选C推理判断题。根据该段的内容可知该段的主要目的是为司机提供一些遭遇冰雹时的应急方法。B(2018西安模拟)Its known to all that rainforests are important.But do you know why?Tropical rainforests took between 60 an
12、d 100 million years to evolve (进化) and are believed to be the oldest and most complex landbased ecosystem on earth, containing over 30 million species of plants and animals.Thats half of the Earths wild animal species and at least twothirds of its plant species! Rainforests store water.In fact, it i
13、s believed that the Amazonian forests alone store over half of the Earths rainwater! Rainforest trees draw water from the forest floor and release it back into the atmosphere.Without rainforests continually recycling huge quantities of water, feeding the rivers, lakes and irrigation systems, drought
14、s would become more common.Do you know that we also depend on trees to cleanse (净化) our atmosphere? They absorb the carbon dioxide that we breathe out, and provide the oxygen we need.However, when rainforest trees are burnt, they release carbon dioxide, which pollutes the atmosphere and contributes
15、to global warming.Surprisingly, soil in the rainforest is very poor in nutrients.This is because the nutrients are stored in the huge numbers of trees and plants rather than in the soil.Tree roots bind the soil together, while the canopy (树荫) protects the soil from heavy rain.When a tree dies and it
16、s trunk falls to the forest floor, it breaks down and the nutrients it contains are recycled.However, if trees are removed from the forest, the nutrients are removed with it.Whats worse, the unprotected soil is then simply washed away by heavy rain, causing floods in lowland rivers while leaving upland rivers dry.Many local people have been living in harmony with the rainfo
