《2020版高考英语新增分大一轮复习语法专题全辑专题二动词和动词短语讲义牛津译林版》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2020版高考英语新增分大一轮复习语法专题全辑专题二动词和动词短语讲义牛津译林版（13页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、专题二 动词和动词短语动词的辨析动词包括连系动词、及物动词和不及物动词、持续性动词与非持续性动词，是高考考查的重点，无论是单项填空还是完形填空等题型中，动词辨析的比重都很大，并有逐年增加的趋势。动词辨析主要指：1.词形相近的动词之间的辨析。如：lie，lay；rise，raise；sit，seat等。2.意义相近的动词之间的辨析。如：borrow，lend；speak，say，talk；hope，wish等。3.动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨析。如：advise，advice；cost，worth；pass，past 等。4.意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨析。如：explain，say；d
2、iscover，invent；uncover，find等。5.某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨析。如：ask，give，call，make，get，keep，want，see，hear等。6.某些常用动词短语的辨析。如：give in，give up；turn on，turn off，turn down，turn up等。题组训练1选词填空A.1.William found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail.2.If you dont like the drink you ordered
3、just leave it and try a different one.3.Mary，I reminded John of his promise to help you.4.Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，but they may also limit our thinking.5.The government refuses to negotiate with terrorists.B.6.Clinical evidence began to accumulate，suggesting t
4、hat the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.7.Are you still mad at her?Not really，but I cant deny that her remarks hurt me.8.Id prefer to reserve my judgment until I find all the evidence.9.You are old enough to earn your own living.10
5、.I opened a bank account after I made $1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.动词短语的核心考点动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。需掌握以下要点：1.根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。(1)动词副词(不及物)Tom turned up after the party when everyone had left.(2)动词副词(及物)Please turn every light in the house off.注意：如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。S
6、he turned off all the lights which had been left on.如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。She gave them away.(3)动词介词(及物)You should learn to care about others.注意：当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。(4)动词副词介词I look forward to seeing you soon.注意：“动词介词”、“动词名词副词”、“动词副词介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。In this way both grain and vegetables c
7、an be well looked after. (不能漏掉after)2.熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。(1)同一动词和不同介词搭配时意义上的差异。hear from收到的来信hear of听说look after照料look at看look for寻找(2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时意义上的差异。ring back回电话ring off挂断电话ring up打电话 put away放好，收起put on穿上；上演put up挂起；举起(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时意义上的差异。look for寻找ask for请求wait for等候send
8、for派人去叫(4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时意义上的差异。break out发生；爆发carry out进行；开展 go out熄灭 hand out分发 let out放出 look out当心 sell out卖完 set out出发 take out取出 work out算出break down坏了 come down落下来 get down下车 take down取下 write down写下题组训练2短语填空A.1.I can put up with the house being untidy，but I hate it if its not clean.2.We aim to b
9、ring down the cost of daily life.3.They are broadening the bridge to speed up the flow of traffic.4.You cant predict everything. Often things dont work out as you expect.B.5.You look upset. Whats the matter?I had my proposal turned down again.6.If you care about faults but you still want the bicycle
10、，ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.7.He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.8.Born into a family with three brothers，David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.C.9.To get a better grade，you should go over the notes again before
11、 the test.10.I often look up the words I dont know in the dictionary or on the Internet.11.She came across an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.12.Some insects take on the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.易错易混点1.rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是ro
12、se，过去分词是risen，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。2.hang的用法：hang有两个意思：一为“悬挂”，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为“绞刑”，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。3.sit与seat：seat为及物动词时作“容纳”讲，sit只是表示一个动作；seat表示“就座”时要用be seated 或用seat oneself。如：They were seated at their desks.或I seated myself in the armchair.4.win与beat：win作“胜、赢”讲时其后应接a game，an argumen
13、t，a battle，a prize，a contest，a race，a bet等，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含义。如：I have won him.即“我已说服他了，我赢得了他的好感。”而beat是及物动词，意为“击败、胜过”，直接接人、队。5.lost，gone与missing：作补足语时意为“丢失、不见了”，可以用lost，gone，但要用miss时则不能用missed，而要用missing。1.Kids shouldnt have access to violent films because they might the things they see.(2018江苏，22)A
14、.indicate B.investigateC.imitate D.innovate答案C解析句意为：孩子们不应该有机会接触暴力电影，因为他们可能会模仿(imitate)他们看到的东西。imitate模仿，符合语境。indicate表明，暗示；investigate调查；innovate创新，改革。2.Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which a clear road map and timetable.(2018江苏，25)A.calls for B.calls onC.calls of
15、f D.calls up答案A解析句意为：发展长江经济带是一个系统化项目，该项目要求(call for)有清晰的路线图和时间表。call for要求，需要；call on拜访，号召；call off取消；call up打电话。3.At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving，but eventually he as she was so confident about her skills.(2018天津，3)A.gave in B.dressed upC.broke in D.turned up答案A解析句意为：起初罗伯特不让他的女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对自己的技术如此自信。give in意为“屈服，让步”，符合语境，故选A。dress up穿得正式，装扮；break in破门而入，打断；turn up调高(音量、热量等)，(突然)出现，露面。4.It took him a long time to the skills he
