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1、精锐教育学科教师辅导教案 学员编号： 年 级：高二 课 时 数：3学员姓名：YYY 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：XX 课 题动词时态语态 下教学目标掌握动词语态的基本考点及重难点授课日期年月日教学内容Step1:高考考纲词汇短语检查Step2:动词语态学习语态，是英语语法的基础，在语法学中，语态是描述句子中动词和参与此动作之主语之间关系的一个术语。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语态；如果主语为动作之承受者，称为被动语态。 高考重点要求：掌握各种时态及含情态动词的被动语态的形式和应用；分清动词的词性，熟悉并掌握常见的不及物动词happen, take p
2、lace, occur, exist 等，它们不能用被动语态； 分清主语与谓语之间的关系； 变被动语态的动词一般为及物动词，但有些不及物动词与介词所形成的短语动词也可有被动形式，此时，变被动语态后介词不能丢； 熟悉并掌握主动形式表被动意义的情况。一、被动语态的用法： 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. I am asked to study hard. Knives are used for cutting things. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were 及物
3、动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have been 及物动词的过去分词This book has been translated into many languages.Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will be 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be b
4、uilt in our city.Many more trees will be planted next year.5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词 be 及物动词的过去分词Young trees must be watered often. Your mistakes should be corrected right now.The door may be locked inside. Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are being 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang
5、 is mending my bike now. My bike is being repaired by Tom now. They are planting trees over there. Trees are being planted over there by them. 7. 不定式的被动语态：to be 及物动词的过去分词 There are two books to be read. There are twenty more trees to be planted. 二、注意短语动词和含有情态动词的被动语态Eg. That old man was often laughed
6、 at. 那位老人常受人嘲笑。The doctor has been sent for. 已经派人请大夫去了。Time must be made good use of. 时间一定要充分利用。The plan will be given up. 那计划就要被放弃了。Bad habits have been done away with. 坏习惯已经改掉了。（在被动结构中，切不可丢掉后面的介词或副词）He must be prevented from going. 必须阻止他去。The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.
7、 计划必须尽早执行。（谓语结构是：情态动词be 过去分词）三、语态考察难点l 主动形式表被动意义1、系动词look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep 形容词/名词构成系表结构。如：The steel feels cold. His plan proved （to be） practical. It has gone bad. 2、表示开始、结束、运动的动词。如begin, finish, start, open, close, stop,
8、end, shut, run, move 等。Work began at 7 oclock this morning. The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day. 3、表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如read, write, act, iron, cut draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink。这类动词一般不单独使用，常用一个修饰语。如：This coat dries easily. 这种外衣容易干。Nylon cleans easily. 尼龙容易
9、洗干净。The door wont lock. 这门锁不上。Food can keep fresh in a fridge. 食物在冰箱里能保鲜。Your speech reads well. 你的演说讲得好。This material has worn thin. 这个材料已经磨薄了。His book does not sell. 他的书没有销路。Your pen writes smoothly. 你的笔好写。This lock wont catch. 这锁锁不上。The match wont catch. 火柴擦不着。The plan worked out wonderfully. 这计划
10、制定得很好。The recorder wont play. 这录音机不转。The engine wont start. 引擎发动不起来。This knife cuts well. 这把刀子很快。The cloth washes well. 这布很耐洗。4、少数动词用于进行时，其主动形式表示被动含义。如print, cook, fry, hang, build, make。 如：The books are printing. 这本书正在排印中。The neat is cooking. 肉在煮。5、介词in, on, under 等名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含
11、被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。常见的有：under control （受控制），under treatment （在治疗中），under repair （在修理中），under discussion （在讨论中），under construction （在施工中），beyond belief （令人难以置信），beyond ones reach （鞭长莫及），beyond ones control （无法控制），beyond our hope （我们始料不及），for sale （出售），for rent （出租），in print （在印刷中），in sig
12、ht （在视野范围内），on sale （出售），on show （展出），on trial （受审），out of control （控制不了），out of sight （超出视线之外），out of ones reach （够不着），out of fashion （不流行）。如：The building is under construction （is being constructed）.The rumor is beyond belief （ cant be believed ）.His honest character is above all praise. （ His hon
13、est character cannot be praised enough.）That house is for sale. （ That house is to be sold.） The book is not yet in print （ is not yet printed ）.Today some treasures are on show in the museum （ are being showed）.The plane was out of control （cant be controlled）.He took two days off within the teache
14、rs permission.6、不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit, have, wish, cost, agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to 等。如：This key just fits the lock. Your story agrees with what had already been heard.l 被动形式表示主动意义1、常用短语：be determined, be plea
15、sed, be graduated （from）, be finished, be prepared （for）, be occupied （in）, get married He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。 注意： 表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。 He married a rich girl. 他娶了一个有钱的女孩。 He got married to a rich girl. 他娶了一个有钱的女孩。 动词need/want/require/worth等 注意：当 need, want, require, worth（形容词）后面接doing也可以表示被动。 Your hair
