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1、精锐教育学科教师辅导教案 学员编号： 年 级：初三 课 时 数：3学员姓名：YYY 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：XX 课 题形容词，副词学习教学目的1.掌握形容词，副词的语法特性，习惯用法和中考常见用法辨析2. 掌握并能熟练应用形容词，副词的原级，比较级和最高级授课日期年月日教学内容Step 1 形容词，副词分类及用法辨析（一）形容词：用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。1、形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。2、形容词在句子中的位置：1）作定语时放在名词的前面，且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如：a big yellow wooden wheel（一个黄色的大木
2、轮）2）作表语时放在连系动词之后。如：The price sounds reasonable.3）作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如：We must try our best to keep our environment clean.4）后置的情况：修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如：Something serious has happened to him.与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。如：Hes 1.8 metres tall.（他身高1.8米。）The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.3、有
3、关形容词的用法辨析：1）whole与all：记住两个词序： the whole 名词； all （of） the 名词。如：He was busy the whole morning. / He can remember all the words he learns.2）tall与high, short与low：指人的个子时用tall与short；指其他事物时一般用high与low。如：Hes very tall/short. / Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue. / A few people live on high
4、 mountains.3）real与true：real一般指东西的真假，译为“真的”；而true则指事情或消息的可靠性，译为“真实的”。如：This is a real diamond（钻石） and its very expensive / -Is that true?Yes. I heard it with my own ears.4）interested与interesting的区别：interesting指人或东西“有趣的”，作定语或表语，而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”，只能作表语。如：The man is very interesting and all the
5、 children like him. / This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself. / I am interested in science.5）such用法： such a（n） 名词（单数）（that从句）。如：I have never seen such a foolish（愚蠢的） boy. / He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it.6）good与well：表示“好”时，作定语或表语用good，作状语用well；表示“（身
6、体）好”时用well.如：Doing sports is good for us. / Study well and make progress every day./ -How are you?I am very well.7）nice与fine：的区别：nice表示令人愉快的，可以指东西、人物外表等；fine一般指身体或天气好。如：Lets go and share（分享） the nice cake. / She is a nice girl. / What a fine day! /Hes fine recently（最近）.8）too much与much too：too much表示
7、“太多的”，修饰事物数量；much too表示“太过，过分”，修饰形容词或副词。如：I am full because I have had too much rice. / That coat is much too dear.9）quick、fast与soon：quick与fast基本同义，quick往往指反应速度快，fast往往指运动速度快，而soon则表示时间上很快即将发生。如：After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home. / A train is much faster than a bu
8、s. / His father will be back to China very soon.10）lonely与alone：lonely是表示心理活动的形容词，意思是：“孤独的，寂寞的”，作定语或表语；alone的意思是：“独自的，单独的”，指无人陪伴，仅作表语，（作为副词的alone可作状语）。如：He lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely./ He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well with him.11）other与else的区别：两个词都可以作形容词，但是用法不同，other放
9、在名词前；else修饰不定代词、疑问词、little、much，后置，另外，or else表示“否则”，是连词。如：The other students are on the playground. / Who else can work out this maths problem?/ This is nobody elses money. Its mine. / Do you have anything else to say for yourself?12）special与especial的区别：表示事件不同寻常、过分或特殊时，两个词可互换，但special较为常用。另外，special
10、还可以表示特别的目的。如：She pays （e）special attention to clothes. / These are special chairs for small children.13）gone、lost、missing的区别：gone表示“丢了，没了”，含一去不复返的意思，也可以表示“死了”，作表语或宾补，不可以作定语；lost表示“丢失”，含难以找回的意思，可作定语、表语或宾补；missing表示“失踪了，不见了”，强调某人物不在原处，可作定语、表语或宾补。如：My fever（高烧）is gone, but I still have a cough. / The p
11、arents found the lost child at last. / My dictionary is missing.Whos taken it away? / For more detailed information（详情）of the missing girls, please visit our website.14）living、alive、live、lively的区别：四个词都来源于动词live“生活、居住”。living读liviN有三个意思：“活着的、现存的”，作表语或定语，“一模一样的、逼真的”，相当于lively，意思是“强烈的、活泼的”；live读laiv，指东
12、西“活的”，可以替换为living；alive读laiv作表语，指人“活着的”，如果作定语，则放在名词的后面；lively读laivli有三个意思：有生气的、活泼的、快活的，（色彩）鲜艳的，生动的、真实的。例如：A living language should be learned orally（口头上）.（被动句） / We have a living hope that you will succeed. / Is she still alive? / They are the happiest children alive. / This is a live fish. / A live
13、 wire（电线） is dangerous. / She is as lively as a kitten（小猫）. / He gave a lively description of the football match.15）sick与ill区别：sick和ill都表示“生病的”，但是，sick可以做定语、表语，而ill只能做表语。如：He has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now. / Vets help treat sick pets and most of the pets owners like them.
14、16）the poor（穷人们） / the rich（富人们）等用法：“the形容词”这一结构可以表示一类人物，复数含义。如：We must try our best to help the poor. / The rich never know how the poor are living.（二）副词：用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。1、副词的分类：（见下表）时 间 副 词频度副词地点/方位副词程度副词方式副词疑问/连接副词其他副词today, tomorrow,once,here, there,very, too,well,how,
15、too, also,yesterday, now,twice,home, below,enough,hard,where,nor, so,then, early, late,always,anywhere,rather, quite,alone,when,as, on,off,once, soon, just,usually,above, outside,how, so,fast,why,either,tonight, long,often,in, inside, out,much, just,together,whetheryes, no,already,yet, before,sometimes,back, up, down,nearly, onlysuddenly,however, etc.not, neitherago, later, ever sincenever,away, off, far,almost
