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1、阅读理解-细节理解四1、 A new commodity brings about a highly profitable,fast-growing industry,urging antitrust(反垄断)regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago ,the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants(巨头)that deal in data, the oil of t
2、he digital age. The most valuable firms are Google,Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable. Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime,The giants success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick
3、 delivery, Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too. But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-prese
4、nt and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Intern
5、et companies control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a “Gods eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond. This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in ti
6、me, one of them would become great again. A rethink is requiredand as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out. The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the 21st century. When considering a merger(兼并),for example, they have traditionally
7、used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-borm threat. When this takes place,especially when a new-born compa
8、ny has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags. The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply them.Companies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make
9、form it.Govemments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users consent. Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if govemments dont wants a data oconomy by a few giants, they must act soon.1.Why is there a call to break up giants?A.They have controlled the d
10、ata marketB.They collect enormous private dataC.They no longer provide free servicesD.They dismissed some new-born giants2.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?A.Data giants technology is very expensiveB.Googles idea is popular among data firmsC.Data can strengthen giants c
11、ontrolling positionD.Data can be turned into new services or products3.By paying attention to firms data assets, antitrust regulators could .A.kill a new threatB.avoid the size trapC.favour bigger firmsD.charge higher prices4.What is the purpose of loosening the giants control of data?A.Big companie
12、s could relieve data security pressure.B.Governments could relieve their financial pressure.C.Consumers could better protect their privacy.D.Small companies could get more opportunities.2、 El Nino, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the glob
13、al weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round. The w
14、eather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nio in 1997 helped Americans economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from e
15、xtra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones. But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱)in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nio may relieve the drought in California, t
16、hey are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters. The most recent powerful Nio, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Nios come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (
