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1、2016年6月英语四级仔细阅读优先复习（训练题）Newspapers often tell us of floods in some parts of the United States.Nearly every year on the great central drainages heavy rains and melting snow cause the waters to pour out the mountains and plains, to turn brooks into torrents, and to swell quiet streams into wild uncont
2、rolled rivers. From Cairo to New Orleans, and from Pittsburgh to Paducah, the cry River rising! is a familiar yet fearful voice. . . When the rivers sometimes become too high or too swift to be controlled communities are flooded, families flee from their homes, croplands are washed out, and transpor
3、tation comes to a halt. Hunger, disease, and death follow the wild waters.Although given less publicity, the agricultural damage done by the many smaller, more frequent floods usually far exceeds the losses caused by the very grand ones. In the Central States, ditches and drains cause the flows from
4、 spring rains and melting snow to run far more rapidly than in the days before white men settled on the land. Once, excess spring flood waters emptied into lakes and swampy lands, there to be detained for slow release into stream and rivers. Now, systematic drainage has actually eliminated these nat
5、ural reservoirs.In the more rolling sections of the East, spring runoff was formerly absorbed and held temporarily in the porous soils beneath the unbroken expanse of forest. When large areas were converted to farm use, removal of the forest and the practice of up-and-down hill plowing deprived the
6、soils of much of their ability to catch and store water.The effects of eliminating the natural forest cover are shown in the gullied farm lands and widened stream channels found in some densely settled areas. Partly because the stream channels are more or less filled with material washed down from t
7、he uplands, and partly because storm runoff has increased, the channels are today no longer able to carry all the flow from heavy rains. This explains why the streams overtop banks far more often than in the days before settlement.26. The best title for the selection would be_.A. River Rising! River
8、 Rising! B. Forests and FloodsC. Flooding in the U. S. D. The Results of Flooding27. All of the following cause floods EXCEPT_.A. heavy rain B. melting snowC. increasing storm runoff D. porous soil28. The author states that_.A. lakes and swamps once acted like natural reservoirsB. up-and-down hill p
9、lowing catches and stores waterC. stream channels are the best carriers of waterD. floods are easily prevented and controlled29. According to the selection, streams overtop their banks partly because_.A. material from higher land is washed into themB. ditches and drains lead into themC. rivers becom
10、e too swiftD. snow melts more rapidly nowadays30. The floods which are given most publicity_.A. cause no damageB. cause the most damageC. cause less agricultural damage than the many smaller, more frequent floodsD. far exceed the smaller, more frequent floods in agricultural lossThe world has become
11、 a world of cities. With the present rate of urban growth(3. 8% in the Third World) , the majority of the population of the world will be living in cities by the year 2000. This will transform the rural-urban equation which has marked the history of mankind up to now and will call for new example an
12、d a great deal of innovation to face this phenomenon.This being so, one must accept the fact that for some years to come, no policy will be capable of stopping or reversing the present migratory trend from the rural areas to the cities in the Third World. In Africa, the urban population will reach 3
13、30 million people by the end of the century as against 150 million in 1995.The number of people living in shanty-towns (贫富窟) will inevitably increase in spite of the efforts to improve housing conditions. Africa alone needs to build 12 million housing units between now and the year 2000 to meet its
14、most basic needs. In an ILO study, M. S. V. Sethuraman estimates that in 70 Third World cities the proportion of people living in shanty-towns varies from 15% to 70% and that about US $ 116 billion is required to give minimum comfort to these people by the turn of the centuryless than US $ 10 billio
15、n per year.The world population is growing at a rate of about 90 million people per year, with the Third World accounting for 80 million of them. The pressure on cities can only go on increasing. The urban population of the developing countries will exceed 2 billion people by the year 2000 and since
16、 the main reason for the high demographic (人口统计的) growth is poverty, the additional population will be mostly made of people of very limited means.21. If the urban population of the developing countries exceeds 2 billion people by the year 2000, the main problem the additional people will face is_.A. housing B. foodC. poverty D. limit
