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1、Unit 14Careers(B)(对应学生用书第287页).阅读理解(2017甘肃省兰州市高考诊断考试)We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively.We achieve it actively by direct experience，by testing and proving an idea，or by reasoning.We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in
2、 the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive.Conditioned as we are to passive learning，its not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and coworkers.Unfortunately，passive learning has a serious problem.It make
3、s us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay(传闻)and rumor.Did you ever play the game Rumor？It begins when one person writes down a message but doesnt show it to anyone.Then the person whispers it，word for word，to another person.That person，in turn，whispers it to stil
4、l another，and so on，through all the people playing the game.The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it.Then the two written statements are compared.Typically，the original message has changed.Thats what happens in daily life.The simple fact that people repeat a story
5、in their own words changes the story. Then，too，most people listen imperfectly.And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story，trying to improve on it，stamping it with their own personal style.Yet those who hear it think they know.This process is also found among scholars and authors：A stat
6、ement of opinions by one writer may be restated as the fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another；and this process may continue，unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those fact
7、s. 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了被动学习所产生的负面作用，即引发谣言。1According to the passage，active learning may occur in Areading scientific journalsBlistening to the teacher in classCdoing a chemical experimentDwatching news programmes on TVC考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“We achieve it actively by direct experience，by testing and proving an id
8、ea，or by reasoning”并结合选项可推知，做化学实验属于主动学习，故选C。2What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 2 refer to?AclassroomBnewspaperCactive learningDpassive learningD考查代词指代。根据第二段的整体内容，尤其是关键词passively可推知，本段主要讲的是被动学习；再结合第二段最后一句可推知，it指的是本段的核心话题passive learning，故选D。3The game Rumor is mentioned in Paragraph 4 in o
9、rder to tell readers that Aplaying games can make people more activeBpeople tend to like telling lies when playing gamesCa message may be changed when being passed onDpeople may have problems with their sense of hearingC考查推理判断。根据第五段第二句“The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words ch
10、anges the story”可推知，第四段讲述谣言游戏是为了告诉人们信息在传递的过程中会发生改变，初始信息与最终信息甚至有时候会差异很大，于是谣言就产生了。干扰项分析A项错在玩游戏会让人们更积极，文章中并没有提到；B项错在人们在玩游戏时喜欢撒谎，第四段讲的不是撒谎，而是信息在传递中发生了改变；D项错在人们听觉有问题，人们在听的过程中有了自己的理解，并不是听力障碍，故排除。4What can be inferred from the text?AScholars and authors cant be trusted.BPassive learning may not be reliable
11、.CPeople like spreading rumor in daily life.DActive learning is more important than passive learning.B考查推理判断。根据第三段第二句“It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay(传闻)and rumor”和最后几段的整体内容可推知，被动学习可能不是那么可靠，以至于有了传闻或谣言的产生，故选B。.阅读七选五(2017豫南六校评估)You may have grown up
12、 living with sisters and brothers，or this may be your first time sharing your living space with someone else. 1 However，it can also be a great part of your college experience.Follow these tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year.Be clear from th
13、e beginning.Maybe you hate it when someone interrupts you when you are sleeping every morning.Maybe you need ten minutes to yourself before talking to anyone after you wake up. 2 Its not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away，and communicating what you need is one of the best ways t
14、o get rid of problems before they become problems. 3 This may seem simple，but its probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflicts.Dont you think hell mind if you borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game？For all you know，you just stepped over the line.Dont borrow，use，or take an
15、ything without getting permission first.Be open to change.You should expect to learn and grow and change during your time at school. 4 As the term progresses，realize things will change for both of you.Be comfortable settling things that unexpectedly come up，setting new rules，and being flexible to yo
16、ur changing environment.Follow the golden rule. 5 No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year，you can take comfort in knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect.ARespect your roommates things.BLet your roommate know about your preferences.CTreat your roommate like youd like to
