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1、Period SixGrammar & Writing一、定语从句()1关系副词where，when和why的用法(1)where在从句中作地点状语，定语从句修饰的是表示地点的名词。Can you tell me the office where he works?你能告诉我他工作的办公室在哪儿吗？This is the place where we first met.这就是我们第一次相遇的地方。(2)when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，其先行词通常是表示时间的名词。I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.我仍然记得我第一次
2、来北京的那天。He came at a time when we needed him most.他在我们最需要他的时候来了。(3)why指原因或理由，在从句中作原因状语，其先行词多为reason一词。Do you know the reason why he is absent?你知道他缺席的原因吗？(4)关系副词和关系代词的选择引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词除了起连接先行词和从句的作用外，它们还有一个最重要的作用，那就是它们分别在定语从句中充当成分，在选择引导词时，重要的是分析一下定语从句中的成分，若从句中缺主语、宾语或表语，那么要用关系代词；若从句中缺少状语，就要用关系副词。比较我永远
3、忘不了我们一起度过的日子。高考链接1用适当的关系副词填空(1)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.(2015天津)(2)As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent.(2015陕西)(3)Students should involve themselves
4、 in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.(2014福建)(4)I am looking forward to the day when my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.(2014湖南)2“介词which/whom”结构(1)“介词which/whom”结构的用法“介词which”在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语，相当于关系副词when，where，why。She still remembers the day o
5、n which(when) she won the prize.她仍然记得她获奖的那一天。“介词(短语)which/whom”在定语从句中作目的、方式状语。There is a big window in my room through which I can see the railway station.我的房间有一个大窗户，通过它我可以看见火车站。“不定代词或数词或名词of which/whom”在定语从句中作主语。I read some books，the cover of which are yellow with years.我读过一些书，它们的封面因年代久远都变黄了。“介词whi
6、ch/whom”在含被动结构的定语从句中作状语，表示动作的执行者。The man by whom the little boy was beaten was arrested this morning.今天上午打小男孩的那个人被逮捕了。(2)关系代词前介词的选择可以依据定语从句所修饰的名词或代词来选用介词，也可以依据从句的相关动词来选用。The train on which Im traveling is for Shanghai.我乘坐的火车是去上海的。In the dark street there was not a single person to whom she could tur
7、n for help.在漆黑的街道上没有一个她可以求助的人。高考链接2.用适当的介词或关系代词填空(1)Creating an atmosphere in which employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.(2015浙江)(2)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.(2015安徽)(3)He wrote many children s books，nearly half of which were
8、published in the 1990s.(2015重庆).单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1Third，we should find ways to reuse the water used in washing，especially bath water for which is quite a lot，and that will save much water.(2012大纲全国，短文改错)去掉for2There，Katia will introduce me to some of who her friends，one of has been to China several tim
9、es.(2011重庆，短文改错)whowhom3It is also a window which we can learn about American society.(2008重庆，短文改错)window后加through二、形容词和副词的比较等级1形容词和副词的比较等级的几种常见结构(1)比较级and比较级，表示“越来越”。The new city is becoming more and more beautiful.这个新城市变得越来越美丽了。(2)the比较级.，the比较级.，表示“越，越”。The longer you stay，the better (it will be)
10、你待的时间越长越好。The more tickets you sell，the more money you will get.你卖的票越多，挣的钱越多。(3)“.as原级as.”表示前后两者程度相同，在否定句中常用“.not so/as原级as.”或“.less原级than.”结构。Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is)亨利和彼得一样是个好工人。My handwriting is not as/so beautiful as yours.(My handwriting is less beautiful than yours.)我的书法不如你的漂亮。(
11、4)more.than.与其说，不如说，可表示一个人的两种品质的比较。Ann acts quite unfriendly.I think shes more shy than unfriendly.安的举止非常不友好。与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。(5)“否定词比较级”最高级He has never spent a more worrying day.他度过了最担心的一天。(6)“the最高级(名词)表示范围的短语或从句”表示三者或三者以上中程度最。Mary is the tallest of the four girls in the family.玛丽在家中四个姑娘中是最高的一个。The
12、vase is the least expensive of them.这款花瓶是它们中最便宜的。2比较等级的修饰语(1)比较级的修饰语常用much，even，still，yet，(by)far，a lot，a great deal，a little，rather，some，any等。The students study even harder than before.学生们学习比以前用功多了。Things are far worse than expected.情况要比预料的糟得多。(2)最高级的修饰语常用序数词，以及much，(by)far，nearly，almost，the very，n
13、ot nearly，not quite等。Id like to buy the second most expensive camera.我想买其价格仅次于最贵价格的照相机。The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the river.目前正在建着的大桥是横跨这条河的最长的桥。3倍数比较级的几种常用句式(1).times as形容词原级as.The table is 3 times as big as that one.这张桌子是那张的三倍大。(2).times the性质的词of.The table is 3 times
14、the size of that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍大。(3).times形容词比较级than.The table is twice bigger than that one.这张桌子比那张大两倍。高考链接3.用所给词的正确形式填空Andy is content with the toy.It is the best he has ever got.(2015四川).单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)(1)My mum makes the better biscuits in the world，so I decided to ask her for help.(2015陕西，短文改
15、错)betterbest(2)I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him.(2013辽宁，短文改错)manymuch(3)I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.(2012新课标全国，短文改错)littleless(4)The doctor says he is recovering fast than expected and will be out of hospital in a few weeks.(2009陕西，短文改错)fastfaster.用适当的关系词填空1It is reported that two schools，both of which are being built in my hometown，will op
