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1、Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars Section Learning about Language &Using Language.单句语法填空1Pakistan came into (exist) as an independent country after the war.2She was always (gently) with the children in the kindergarten，never hitting or scolding them.3As we all know，Qian Xuesen is a famous (p
2、hysical) in the world.4After a long journey，the children were all (exhaust)5The young woman was interested in (biologist)when she was in the university.6The train (pull) into the station and the passengers got off one by one.7A great dust cloud formed in the sky blocking the sunlight.8The doctor tol
3、d her to watch out the symptoms of measles.9The fans cheered when they saw their favorite star.10How the big forest fire has broken remains to be a mystery.【答案】1.existence2.gentle3.physicist 4exhausted5.biology6.pulled7.out8.for 9up10.out.完成句子1这本词典不如你想象的那样有用。This dictionary is you think.2当出现时，所有的学生都
4、高兴起来。When Chairman Xi turned up，all the students 3既然你已是个大学生了，就应当学着独立。 ，you should learn to be independent.4她买了能挡住光线的厚窗帘。She bought a heavy curtain the light.5我们的新图书馆是旧图书馆的四倍大。Our new library is the old one.【答案】1.not as/so useful as2.cheered up3.Now that you are a college student4.to block out5.four
5、times larger than.阅读理解AAgainst the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern
6、 forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions.Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade.Scientists predict that with climate warming，fires may occur more frequently over the next several centuries as a result of a long
7、er fire season.Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming，while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate.Earlier studies by other scientists had suggested that fires in northern regions sped
8、 up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants were released into the atmosphere and thus trapped heat.Scientists found that right after the fire，large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming.Ozone (臭氧) levels increased，and ashes from the fir
9、e fell on faroff sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in.The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire，because fewer trees covered the ground.Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into spac
10、e，leading to cooling.“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，”scientists said.They tracked the change in the amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the g
11、lobal air temperature.Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years.Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently，more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results.Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than pre
12、dicted, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space.The net effect is cooling.Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.1According to the new findings
13、, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may Aresult in a warming climateBcause more forest firesClead to a longer fire seasonDprotect the forests there【解析】细节理解题。文章第二段第一句说，为了限制温室气体的排放而采取措施预防北方森林大火，反而会导致北方地区气候变暖。因此A项正确。B项和C项都是由气候变暖引起的；D项在文中并未说明。【答案】A2The following are the immediate effects aft
14、er a forest fire EXCEPT Alarge amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereBthe levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseCsnow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceDashes from the fire fall on the ice and darken the surface【解析】细节理解题。由文章第四段前两句可知，火灾发生后，大量的温室气体进入大气层，臭氧增多，灰烬落到
15、远方的冰山上，把冰面弄黑。这都是发生火灾后会立即出现的情况。由第四段最后两句可知，地面上的雪折射更多的太阳光返回大气层，在第二年的春天才会发生，故选C项。【答案】C3Earlier studies about northern forest fires Ahad analyzed all aspects of how northern fires influenced climateBhad indicated that forest fires would pollute the atmosphereChad suggested that people should take measures to protect environmentDhad suggested that the fires would speed up climate warming【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段第二句可知D项正确。【答案】D4The underlined phras
