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1、单元质量评估(二)时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AThe food we eat seems to have a great effect on our health.Although science has made big steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has
2、 shown that perhaps 80% of human illness is related to food and 40% of cancer is related to food as well.That food is related to illness is not a new discovery.In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and other food additives(添加剂)caused cancer.Yet, these a
3、dditives remain in our food, and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings(包装)of foods are helpful or harmful.The additives which we eat are not all so direct.Farmers often give penicillin to their animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of cows.Sometimes simi
4、lar things are supplied to animals not for their health, but just to make a profit.The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market.Although some countries have tried to control such things, the practice continues.【语篇解读】本文告诉我们要特别注意自己所吃的食物。因为食物可以让我们生存，也
5、可以让我们患病。1According to this passage, we can know _Aperhaps most of human illness is caused by what we eatBperhaps most kinds of cancer are related to what people eatCcancer was discovered in 1945Dscience has made food unfit to eat解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句话“Some research has shown that perhaps 80% of human il
6、lness is related to food and 40% of cancer is related to food as well.”可知，80%的疾病都是由我们吃的食物引起的，故A项正确。答案：A2Things that are used to keep colours in meats are_AharmfulBuselessChelpless Ddelicious解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and o
7、ther food additives caused cancer.”可知，这些让肉着色的添加剂会导致癌症。那么对人体是有害的，故A项正确。答案：A3Which of the following is NOT true?ASome wrappings of food are harmful.BFarmers try to make more money on the market by fattening their animals.C“The practice continues” means “things are still going on like that”DWe neednt t
8、ake care of what we eat.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段前三句话可知，食物可以让我们生存，但是现在的很多疾病也是与食物有关的。说明对于我们的食物我们要特别注意，故D项错误。答案：D4All the additives _Aare bright and colourlessBare not bright and colourfulChave indirect effects on our healthDhave direct effects on our health解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句“The additives which we eat are not
9、 all so direct.”可知，很多添加剂都不是直接影响人体健康的。故C项正确。答案：CBIf you really want to go green, heres good news: eating green is good for you.The very foods with a high carbon costmeat, pork, dairy products, processed snacksalso tend to be filled with fat and calories.A green diet would be mostly vegetables and fru
10、its, whole grains, fish and lean meat like chickena diet thats eco and waistlinefriendly.Eating green can be healthier and beneficial to the climate.It may be hard to believe that a meal at McDonalds produces more carbon than your trip to a faraway place.More than 37% of the worlds land is used for
11、agriculture, much of which was once forested.Deforestation (砍伐森林) is a major source of carbon.The fertilizer (化肥) and machinery needed on a modern farm also have a large carbon footprint, as does the network of ships and trucks that brings the food from the farm to your plate.The most efficient way
12、to reduce the carbon footprint of your menu is to eat less meat, especially beef.Raising cattle takes a lot more energy than growing the equivalent (相等的) amount of grains, fruits or vegetables.Whats more, the majority of cattle in the US are fed on grain and loads of it670 million tons in 2002and th
13、e fertilizer used to feed that creates separate environmental problems.Focus on eating lower on the food chain, with more plants and fruits and less meat and dairy.Its simple.We can change today what goes into our bodies for the health of our planet and ourselves.【语篇解读】本文介绍了吃绿色食品的好处。5According to th
14、e passage, eating green will _Aprotect the animals from being killedBpromote the development of agricultureChelp us lose weight and keep selfconfidenceDbe good for our health and make a change for the climate解析：细节理解题。由第一段最后两句话“A green dieta diet thats eco and waistlinefriendly.Eating green can be he
15、althier and beneficial to the climate.”可知，吃绿色食品对我们的健康有利而且对改变气候有利。答案：D6What will not lead to carbon in the agriculture?ADeforestation. BFertilizer.CMachinery. DGrains.解析：推理判断题。由第二、三段的介绍可知，只有谷物不会造成碳排放。答案：D7In the authors opinion, the most efficient way to reduce carbon is to _Aeat more vegetables than meatBstop raising the cattleCplant more grainsDuse less fertilizer解析：细节理解题。由第三段第一句话“The most efficient way to reduce the carbon footprint of your menu is to eat less meat, especially beef.”可知。答案：A8What is the passage mainly about?AThe benefits of eating green
