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1、Module 6 Old and New Grammar,非限制性定语从句 【新知导引】 认真观察下列句子，并体会非限制性定语从句的用法 1. Mao Zedong wrote a poem _he dreamed of “walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”. 2. The Three Gorges Dam, _ is the biggest construction project in China since the building of th
2、e Great Wall and the Grand Canal, has been built to control flooding.,in which,which,3. Sun Yat-sen, _ was the leader of the 1911 Revolution, first suggested the idea of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919. 4. More than a million people _ lived in the region have moved from their homes.,who,who,【
3、知识详解】 一、非限制性定语从句 1. 作用。 非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。主句与先行词或从句之间一般用逗号隔开，常常单独翻译。没有它，主句意思仍然完整。,2. 非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别。,*This is the house that he bought yesterday. 这就是他昨天买的那座房子。(限制性定语从句) *He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(非限制性定语从句),二、非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法 1. who, whom, whose引导的
4、非限制性定语从句。 (1)关系代词who, whom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰人。 (2)关系代词who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whom作宾语；介词后用whom, 不用who。 (3)whose作定语，先行词是人时，whose + n. 相当于the +n. +of whom。先行词是物时，whose + n. 相当于the +n. +of which。,*Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital 金先生的腿受了重伤，他很快就被送去医院了。 *His mother, whom he loved
5、dearly, died in 1818. 他非常爱他的母亲，她死于 1818年。 *Bobs father, who worked on the project, spent four years in Egypt. 鲍勃的父亲从事这项工程，在埃及度过了四年。,【即学活用】选词填空(who/whom/whose)。 Li Leis father, _ was an engineer before his death, died when Li Lei was very young. Confucius, _ influence on Chinese people has been the g
6、reatest, was born in 551 BC. I love my mother, _ everyone in her company likes to work with.,who,whose,whom,2. which, as的用法。 (1)两者在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 *Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses. 水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。 *The teacher often praised my partner, which made me sad. 老师经常表扬我的同伴，这使我很伤心。,*As we all know,
7、 the earth is round. 众所周知，地球是圆的。 *The two brothers were satisfied with this decision，as was agreed beforehand. 两兄弟对此决定都满意，这项决定在事前都已得到他们的同意。 *Taiwan is，as you know，an inseparable part of China. 你知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。,(2)as, which引导非限制性定语从句的区别。,【即学活用】完成句子。 He came back home late, _. 正如我们所料, 他回家晚了。 Einstei
8、n, _, is a famous scientist. 众所周知, 爱因斯坦是一位著名的科学家。 James did really well in his exams, _. 詹姆斯考得非常好, 真令人惊讶。 Tom was late again, _. 汤姆又迟到了, 这使老师非常生气。,as we expected,as is well-known,which was a big surprise,which made his teacher very angry,3. when, where的用法。 (1)关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语。 (2
9、)关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语。,(3)when/where有时可以换成“介词+which”。 *Mr King was quickly taken to hospital，where a doctor wanted to examine his legs 金先生很快被送去医院，在那里一个医生要检查他的腿。 *We will put off the outing until next week, when we wont be so busy. 我们将把郊游推迟到下个星期，那时我们不会那么忙了。,【即学活用】用恰当的关系副词填空。 The happ
10、y day, _ he is going to study abroad, is always on his mind. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _ other visitors seldom go. Albert Einstein left Germany for the United States during World War , _ Jews were badly treated in Germany. The youngest nurse has worke
11、d for 30 days in the hospital, _ she spent her 19th birthday.,when,where,when,where,【典题研习】 (2014四川高考)Until now, we have raised 50, 000 pounds for the poor children, is quite unexpected.,【思路演示】 分析句式: 主从句之间有逗号分开, 该从句为非限制性定语从句。 理清句意: 到现在为止, 我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们筹集到了50 000英镑, 这是完全没有预料到的。 抓取关键: 从句中缺少主语, 定语从句是对前面
12、整个句子的修饰。此处which指代整个主句内容引导非限制性定语从句并且在定语从句中作主语。 断定答案: which。,【即学活用】 用适当的连词填空。 1. (2015四川高考)The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 【解析】whose。考查定语从句。句意: 桌子上封面闪闪发亮的那些书是我们的奖品。先行词为books, 关系代词在从句中作名词covers的定语, 故用whose。,2. (2015重庆高考)He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of were publ
13、ished in the 1990s. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。句意: 他写了很多儿童书籍, 差不多一半发表于20世纪90年代。先行词为childrens books, 在从句中作介词of的宾语, 故要用which。,3. (2015江苏高考)The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 【解析】as。考查定语从句。句意: 据报道, 吸烟者的数量在仅仅一年内下降了17%。as引导定语从句, 表示“正如”。which引导非限制性定语从句时, 不放在句中。,4. (2015北
14、京高考)Opposite is St. Pauls Church, you can hear some lovely music. 【解析】where。考查非限制性定语从句。句意: 对面是圣保罗教堂, 在那里你能听到一些优美的音乐。根据句子结构可知这是一个非限制性定语从句, 先行词是St. Pauls Church, 在定语从句中作地点状语, 故用where。,5. (2014北京高考)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, my classmates recommended to me. 【解析】whic
15、h。考查定语从句。句意: 上周我从图书馆借了福尔摩斯探案集, 这本书是我同学推荐给我的。分析句子可知这是一个非限制性定语从句, 从句中缺少宾语, 先行词是一本书, 故用which。,6. (2014天津高考)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of uses it differently. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。句意: 英语是一种多元文化共享的语言, 每一种文化都以不同的方式使用它。分析句子成分可知此处考查定语从句, 且作of的宾语应用which。,7. (2014浙江高考)I didnt b
16、ecome a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. 【解析】when。考查定语从句。句意: 直到五年级的时候我才成为一个登山爱好者, 当时我去树上拿卡在树枝里的风筝。when引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词the fifth grade, when在从句中作时间状语。,8. (2013浙江高考)The children, all of had played the whole day long, were worn out. 【解析】whom。考查定语从句。句意: 孩子们都累了,
