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1、Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia Grammar,The Infinitive,学习目标：学习和掌握本模块语法-动词不定式 的用法；完成有关练习； 学习重点：掌握不定式的句法功能，并能加以运用。 学习难点：不定式作主语，状语 学法指导：通过观察文章出现的不定式，独立思考， 组内讨论、对比，总结归纳重点用法,【学情调查、情景导入】,1. 不定式的时态和语态。,to be done,to be doing,to have done,to do,to have been done,2. 他似乎在外面站了一个多小时了。 He seems _ outside for more an
2、 hour. 3. 据说小明正在学开车。Xiao Ming is said _ to drive these days. 4. 人们普遍认为是贝尔发明了电话。 People generally consider Bell _ the telephone. 6. We had nothing to do but _ (wait).,to have been standing,to be learning,to have invented,wait,2. 作业一,3. 不定式在句中所作成分。,【问题展示、合作探究】,观察下列课文中出现的句子，说出不定式所作成分。 1 Scientists have
3、 tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it. 2 They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes. 3 To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience. 4 There was nothi
4、ng to be done.,目的状语,宾语,结果状语,主语,定语,5 Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. 6 The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the think dust makes it difficult to see. 7. When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather
5、experts advise people not to go out. 8 To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening.,表语,宾语,宾补,主语,9 Its difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill. 10 So if you want to go out, youd better wear a mask. 11 To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees. 12 Already the government has
6、planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years.,主语,宾语,目的状语,宾语,总结：不定式在句中所作成分,1. 主语 a. To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience. b. To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening. c. Its difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill.,练习： 学好英
7、语很重要。_ =It is very important _,To learn English well is very important.,to learn English well.,2. 宾语 a. Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it. b. The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly becaus
8、e the think dust makes it difficult to see. c. So if you want to go out, youd better wear a mask. d. Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years.,练习： We planned _(give) a concert next month. 提示：后常跟不定式作宾语的动词：plan, manage, want,
9、refuse, decide, offer, fail, agree, etc.,to give,3. 表语 Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. 练习： 她的工作是照看这些孩子。 Her job is _.,to look after these children,4. 宾语补足语 When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out
10、. 练习： 老师要同学们按时上交作业。 The teacher asked the students _ on time.,to hand in their homework,提示：感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice; 使役动词have, make, let后常用省略to 的不定式作宾语补足语。 我刚刚看到凯特进了教室。_ 凯特刚刚被看到进了教室。_ 汤姆经常使他妹妹哭，但这次被他妹妹弄哭了。 Tom often makes his sister _, but this time he is made _ by her.,I saw Kate enter th
11、e classroom just now.,Kate was seen to enter the classroom just now.,cry,to cry,5. 定语 There was nothing to be done. 练习： The meeting _ （hold） tomorrow is very important. 明天要举行的会议很重要。,to be held,6. 状语 Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started
12、to help solve it. They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes. To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees.,练习： 表目的 为了赶上火车，杰克今天早上很早就起床了。 _, Jack got up very early this morning. 为了起强调作用，常用In order to, so as to结构，其中s
13、o as to不能用于句首。,To catch the train,表结果，常与only 连用，构成only to do 结构，表示出乎意料的结果。 他去看望他的叔叔，结果被告知他已经搬走了。 He went to visit his uncle only _ that he had moved away. 我们匆匆赶到机场，结果发现飞机已经起飞了。 We hurried to the airport, _ the plane had taken off.,to be told,only to find,【达标检测、归纳总结】,用下列不定式的适当形式完成下列短文。 to go to colle
14、ge, in order to succeed, to share, to make a living, to make, to accept his ideas There was a time in ancient China when there were a great many great philosophers （哲学家）， one of whom was Su Qin. At that time, it was hard for the philosophers _. _, Su Qin studied very hard. Finally he managed six sta
15、tes（国家）_ and thus got very famous. From this we can see, if your aim is _, you should learn from Su Qin. Do you have anything else _ about Su Qin? If any, tell us next time.,to make a living,In order to succeed,to make,accept his ideas,go to college,to share,【知识梳理、归纳总结】,不定式的用法,1 不定式的时态和语态,2 不定式在句中所作成分,【预习指导、新课链接】,预习内容：1 自学Module 5 单词 2 预习课文 3 完成预习学案 预习重点：预习学案重点短语及句子
