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1、Unit 3 Back to the past (主题语境:人与社会科学技术),-3-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.found vt.兴建,创建 高考佳句 My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 in support of a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger.(2017天津卷,完形填空) 我的目标是,一年内减掉150磅体重,并筹集5万美元来支持一项创建于30年前的运动,这项运动的宗旨是消除饥饿。 (1)found a city/club/company
2、建起城市/创办俱乐部/公司 found sth.on把基于,把建立在 (2)founder n.奠基人 foundation n.地基,基础,基金(会) lay a foundation of打下(的)基础 without foundation无事实依据 shake/rock the foundations of从根本上动摇,-4-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel,Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews beneath the buildi
3、ng . (2015湖南卷,阅读理解) 为了支撑起像Tremont宾馆这样大的结构,Pullman把数千个螺旋千斤顶放在那栋建筑的地基上。 (2)According to the old legend,Romulus was the of Rome. 根据古老的传说,Romulus是罗马创始人。 (3)Careful planning the nations economic miracle. 细致的计划奠定了那个国家经济奇迹的基础。,foundation,founder,laid the foundation of,-5-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.unfortunate adj.不
4、幸的,遗憾的 高考佳句 Unfortunately,it took a horrible accident to change her attitude.(2015福建卷,阅读理解) 不幸的是,改变她的态度以一场可怕的事故为代价。 (1)unfortunately adv.不幸地 (2)fortunate adj.幸运的 be (un)fortunate to do sth./in doing sth.在方面运气(不)好 It is (un)fortunate that.幸运的(不幸的)是 (3)fortunately adv.幸运地 (4)fortune n.机会,运气,财富 make a
5、fortune 发财 seek/try ones fortune 碰运气,-6-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)He was unfortunate (lose)in the final round. (2)He was extremely fortunate having such a happy family. (3)He dreamed of making fortune. (4)Central London is (fortunately)in having so many large parks and open spaces. (5)Have you heard a
6、bout that fire in the market? Yes, (fortune)no one was hurt. (6) (fortune),rich countries possess most of this knowledge,while developing countries do not.,to lose,in,a,fortunate,fortunately,Unfortunately,-7-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.decorate vt.装饰,装潢 高考佳句 White,shiny,plastic and decorated with flowers,the
7、basket winked at me and I knewI knew I had to have it.(2016浙江卷,阅读理解) 那个白色闪闪发光、用花边包装的塑料篮子对着我眨着眼,我知道我知道我得得到它。 (1)decorate.with.用装饰 be decorated with 被/用装饰 (2)decoration n.装饰;装饰物,-8-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)Bill bought his wife a very valuable birthday present last month,a ring decorated jewels. 比尔上个月给妻
8、子买了一份非常值钱的生日礼物一个镶着宝石的戒指。 (2)There is no ,only flat surfaces. 这里没有装饰,只有平整的表面。,with,decoration,-9-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.destroy vt.破坏,毁坏,摧毁 经典例句 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 他们看到的每一处地方几乎都被毁了。 (1)destroy sb.毁掉某人(的一生) be destroyed by fire被大火烧毁 (2)destruction n.破坏,毁坏 (3)destroyer n
9、.破坏者,起破坏作用的东西,-10-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,易混辨析destroy,damage与ruin destroy表示“毁坏”,通常指彻底地毁掉或毁灭,往往暗示无法或很难修复,有时用于比喻手法中。 damage表示“损害,损坏”,通常是指部分损坏,往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能等会降低,有时用于比喻手法中。 ruin是destroy的同义词,强调毁灭的彻底性,并且是一次性的行为。这种毁灭也许没有多大力量,但其严重性却使其不能修复,也可强调长期的损坏过程所导致的结果。,-11-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)In the terrible earthquake,a
10、ll the houses and buildings were , and great was caused to Yunnan.The whole area was almost in . 在那次大地震中,所有的房屋和建筑物都被摧毁了,而且(这场地震)给云南造成了巨大的损失。整个地区几乎成了一片废墟。 (2)Houses in the hurricane have been repaired. 在飓风中受损的房子已经得到修缮。 (3)His desire for wealth and power led him to his . 对财富和权力的欲望导致了他的毁灭。 (4)Be yourse
11、lf,Bob.You cant let yourself such a defeat. 鲍勃,做你自己。别因为这样一个打击自己毁了自己。,destroyed,damage,ruins,damaged,destruction,be destroyed by,-12-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.declare vt.断言,宣称,宣布,宣告,声明 经典例句 The boy declared with a proud smile that he sold six dozen the day before. 那个男孩脸上挂着得意的微笑,宣称自己前一天卖出去6打报纸。 (1)declaration
12、 n.断言,宣称,宣布,宣告,声明 (2)declare war on向(某国/不好的事)宣战 declare for/against sth.表态支持/反对某事 四维热练 (1)Only a month earlier,Mr.Stenholm had declared the tax cut. (2)It was the year when Britain declared war Germany.,for/against,on,-13-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,6.aware adj.知道的,察觉到的,意识到的 经典例句 New students are now aware that
13、 they are likely to leave university up to 15,000 in debt. 新生们现在意识到,他们在大学毕业的时候很可能会负债15,000英镑。 (1)be/become aware of察觉,意识到 make sb.aware of使某人意识到 (2)awareness n.意识 raise awareness of提高的意识 (3)unaware adj.不知道的,没察觉到的,-14-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)I went to a group activity called “Sensitivity Sunday”,whic
14、h was to make us more of the problems faced by disabled people. 我参加了一个叫“周日感官体验”的小组活动,这个活动是为了使我们更加清楚残疾人所面临的问题。 (2)We should try to environmental protection. 我们应该尽力提高人们的环保意识。,aware,raise peoples awareness of,-15-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,7.remains n.遗物,遗迹,遗骸;剩余物 经典例句 Thus,class may not be culturally and politic
15、ally obvious,yet it remains an important part of British society. 这样一来,阶级的文化和政治色彩就没有那么明显,然而,它仍然是英国社会的一个重要组成部分。 (1)the remains of. 的遗迹;的剩余物 (2)remain v.留下;仍然是 remain+形容词/名词/介词短语/非谓语动词 保持 remain to be done 有待于 (3)remaining adj.剩余的,-16-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,用法点拨(1)remain做系动词用时,其后可接形容词、名词、介词短语、非谓语动词等做表语。 (2)r
16、emaining通常做前置定语,而left做“剩下的”讲时,做后置定语。如:the money left/the remaining money剩下的钱。,-17-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 写出下列句中remain的词性及汉语意思 (1)I remained three days in that country. (2)After years of hard work,Tom still remained a worker. (3)After the fire,little remained of his house. (4)It remains to be seen whether her colleagues will agree.,vi.(人)留下,逗留 link-v.仍是 vi.剩下,余留 vi.留待以后去看,-18-,
