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1、甘肃省,英语,第33讲 宾语从句,【名题实战】 1Do you know _？ For a month.(2015，天津) Ahow long will she be away Bhow long she will be away Chow often will she go there Dhow often she will go there,B,2I wonder _ Yes，of course.(2015，德州) Awhere we can buy the parts Bhow often you hear from your sister Cif I may have a word w
2、ith you Dwhy he arrived late yesterday 3Could you tell me _ a moment ago？(2015，广州) Awhat were they talking about Bwhat are they talking about Cwhat they were talking about Dwhat they are talking about,C,C,4Will Tony go skiing with us this Saturday? Sorry，I dont know if he _But I know he _ interest i
3、n sports.(2015，克拉玛依) Awill go；is Bgoes；is Cgoes；has no Dwill go；has no 5Could you please tell me _？ About twenty minutes ago.(2015，呼和浩特) Awhen did you see this kid Bwhere did you see this kid Cwhen you saw this kid Dwhere you saw this kid,D,C,【考点梳理】 甘肃各地市中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。主要考查学生对各类基础知识掌握的情况及综合运
4、用的能力。难度相对较大，故同学们要认真对待，多加训练。,高频考向一 宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，在口语中that可以省略。如： We believe(that)he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。 如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下，二者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether。如： I dont know if/whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。 Sorry，I dont know whether he will come or not
5、.对不起，我不知道他是否会来。,宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如： Could you tell me where the post office is？你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？ The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。 【例1】Could you say it again？I cant understand _ you are talking about. Ahow Bwhen Cwhat Dwhich 解析：how和when在宾语从句中作状语，而此处宾语从句的引导词在宾语从句中作tal
6、k about的宾语，故排除A、B两项；what“什么”，which“哪一个”，由句意“我无法理解你正在谈论什么”可知应选what。 答案：_,C,【例2】 Could you tell me _ he came here? He drove here himself. Ahow Bwhy Cwhen Dwhether 解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。how“怎样”，why“为什么”；when“什么时候”；whether“是否”。由答语“他是自己开车来这儿的”可知问句为“你能告诉我他是怎样来这儿的吗？”。 答案：_,A,高频考向二 宾语从句的时态 宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的
7、时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况： 主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如： He says he will ask Mr.Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将叫胡先生给吉姆一些工作。 主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如： She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。,从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如： He said that the sun is bigger than the ea
8、rth.他说太阳比地球大。 【例3】 The official said that they _ a new law to protect the tourists the next year. Amakes Bwould make Cmade Dhave made 解析：主句的谓语动词said是过去式，因此从句也应用过去的某种时态，由时间状语the next year可知应用过去将来时。 答案：_,B,【例4】 Can you tell me _ the prize，Tom? Last year. Awhen you got Bwhen did you get Cwhen will you
9、get Dwhen you will get 解析：宾语从句的语序须是陈述句语序，排除B、C项；由答句last year可知从句的时态为一般过去时。 答案：_,A,高频考向三 宾语从句的语序 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词主语谓语其他”。如： I want to know when the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。 注意：有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如： Whats wrong with？ Which is the way to？ What happened to you？ Whats the matter/trouble？ Who
10、 studies the hardest in your class?,do you think后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作为插入语。如： Who do you think he is talking with？你认为他正在和谁交谈？ 由do，does，did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do，does，did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如： “Does he sing well？”The music teacher asked him. The music teacher asked him if(whether)he
11、sang well.这个音乐老师想知道他唱得是否很好。,如果是will，be，have，can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如： “Will you be free tomorrow？” She asked me. She asked me if(whether) I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。,【例5】 Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you. Thanks.I wonder _. Awho the letter was from Bwho was f
12、rom the letter Cwho was the letter from Dwho from the letter was 解析：宾语从句应用陈述语序，即be动词、助动词和情态动词都应放在主语后，在此宾语从句中，主语是the letter，谓语was from应放在主语后，故排除选项B和C；选项D将from置于主语前，是错误的。句意为“嗨，布鲁斯。这儿有你的一封信。”“谢谢。我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。” 答案：_,A,【例6】 Can you tell me _ this morning? Sorry，Ive no idea. Awhy didnt Daming come to scho
13、ol Bwhy Daming didnt come to school Cwhy doesnt Daming come to school Dwhy Daming doesnt come to school 解析：由this morning可知事情发生在过去，故排除C、D两项；宾语从句应用陈述句语序。 答案：_,B,高频考向四 宾语从句的否定前移 在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等时，如果主句为I或we时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等前。如： I
14、 dont suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。 【注意】如果主句主语不是I或we，则not不前移。如： She thinks she cant arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。,【例7】 翻译：我认为明天不会下雨。 _,I dont think it will rain tomorrow.,高频考向五 宾语从句的转化 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope，wish，decide等时，从句可转化为不定式结构。如： I hope that I can see you again. I hope to see you agai
15、n.我希望能再次见到你。 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等时，从句可转化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如： I dont know what I should say. I dont know what to say.我不知道该说什么。,当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可转化为“不定式结构”或“疑问词不定式”结构。如： Mr.Hu tells us that we shouldnt draw on the wall. Mr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。 Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps? Will you please tell me where to buy stamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票？,有些宾语从句可转化为复合宾语结构，常用动词find，think，make。如： I think it is necessary for us to learn to wait. I think it necessary for us to le
