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1、Revise the Infinitive,Do you believe I can fly like a bird?,How can you believe I can fly like a bird?,_is to believe. Its impossible for humans _now.,To see,to fly like a bird,结构 : to do;(否定) not to do,二. 时态与语态,不定式,to do,to be done,to be doing,to have done,to have been done,to have been doing,-,-,(
2、1).They pretended not to see us.,(2). He pretended to be sleeping.,(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎同时/发生在它之后.),(进行式表示在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行),(3).She pretended to have known it before.,(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前),(4).Were happy to have been working with you.,(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续),1. 作主语,2. 作宾语,3. 作宾语补足语,4.
3、作定语,5. 作状语,6. 作表语,7. 作独立成分,8. 与疑问词等连用,不定式 的作用,(1).不定式作主语.不定式太长时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语.,To see is to believe.,Its impossible for humans to fly like a bird now.,(2).不定式作表语,My job _ Your task _,is,to protect the world.,is,to study hard.,He likes to_. I find it necessary (for him) to _ if he wants to win.,(
4、3) 不定式作宾语,play basketball,work hard.,常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, afford, dare, decide, demand, determine；expect, fail, get, guarantee；hate, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise；refuse, 等+ to do。,It作形式主语句型：sb. think/ consider/ find +it + adj.+ to do/that,The teacher told me to_.,(4). 不定式作宾补,hand
5、in my papers,引导不定式作宾补的动词：,Warn, tell, allow, help, ask, force等 + sb. to do sth,The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help.,五看,watch,see,look at,observe,notice,三让：,let,make,have,二听,hear, listen to,一感:,feel,+ sb do sth（省略to）,I made him do his work.,He was made to do
6、 his work (by me). 变成被动，被省略的to 要还原。,不定式用在介词but, except, besides 后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的 各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to, 相反则带to.,(1). She could do nothing but cry. (2). I have no choice but to go.,Note 1,Note 2,I have something to say, but my brother has a lot of homework _.,(5).不定式作定语,不定式作定语时， 应放在被修饰词的后面， 而且放在其他后置定语
7、之后。,to do,1. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。 He is looking for a room to live in.,2. 不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。 He had no money and no place to live in.,3. something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。,注意比较：,1)Have you anything to send? 你有什么东西要
8、寄吗？,(不定式to send的动作执行者是you）,(不定式to be sent的动作执行者是 已被省略的me 或someone else）,2) Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么要（我或别人寄的东西吗？,I got up early to_. I came here to_.,(6) 不定式作状语,in order to , so as to , enough to , only to , too.to.,catch the train,study English,To tell the truth, I am not happy at the mome
9、nt.,(7).独立结构,to be frank, to be honest, to tell the truth,He didnt know _.,(8) . 与疑问词等连用,what to say,不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what 等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。,He didnt know what to say.(宾语) How to solve the problem is very important.(主语) My question is when to start. (表语),在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开
10、头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。Why not have a rest?,(9) 不定式的省略,(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.,e.g.: Would you like to go with me ? Id like to.,(2). 不定式是to be 结构, be 不可省.,e.g: Would you like to be a teacher? Id like to be.,Exercise,My teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health. giving up B. to give
11、 up C. give up D. given up 2.The sentence wants _ once more. explained B. to explain C. being explained D. to be explained,B,D,3.The Arctic is considered _ the northern part of the Atlantic. A.having been B. to have been C. to be D. being,C,4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth_ for him without
12、delay. A.to have woven B. to be woven C. to be weaving D. to weave,B,5.I found the German language hard _. A.learned B. learning C. to be learned D. to learn 6.The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president. A.to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing,D,B,7.The
13、 light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 8.The missing boys were last seen _near the river. playing B. to be playing C. played D. to play,C,A,10.-What do you think of the school? -It is a very good _. A. school to stu
14、dy in B. school for children to study C. studying school D. school to study,A,9._ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose,C,11.-Did you get a job? - No, I _ , but its no use. expected B. tried to C. managed to D. planned,B,12.-I usually go
15、to Shanghai by train. -Why not _ there by boat for a change? A. to try to go B. try going C. to try going D. try to go,B,13._ a living, she had to work from morning till night. A. To make B. Made C. Making D. To have made,A,14. I would rather starve to death than _ for food. A.beg B. begging C. begged D. to beg 15.The boy pretended _ when his mother entered. A. reading B. to read C. to be reading D. being read,A,C,
