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1、专题四 动词的时态和语态,一、常用时态的基本用法,时态,根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1Where is Peter? I cant find him anywhere. He went to the library after breakfast and _(write) his essay there ever since.(2015福建),2As you go through this book, you _(find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a differen
2、t experience.(2015湖南) 3I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I _(ask), “What do you wish me to do now？”(2015湖南),4He must have sensed that I _(look) at him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring at me like that？”(2015湖南) 5Hi, lets go skating. Sorry, Im busy right now.I _(fi
3、ll) in an application form for a new job.(2014北京),6The twins, who_(finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.(2014安徽) 7. When I first met Bryan I didnt like him, but I _(change)my mind.(2013课标) 8On Monday mornings it usually _ (take)me an hour to drive to work although
4、 the actual distance is only 20 miles.(2013陕西),9Hurry up! Mark and Carol _ (expect) us.(2013北京) 10Do you think Mom and Dad _ (be) late? (2013北京) No.Swiss Air is usually on time. 【答案】1.has been writing 2.will find 3.asked 4.was looking 5.am filling 6.had finished 7.have changed 8takes 9.are expecting
5、 10.will be,二、一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 一般过去时表示动作发生在过去，不强调对现在的影响；而现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响。 I have read the novel. 我已经读了这本小说。 I read the novel yesterday. 昨天我读了这本小说。,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1The real reason why prices _(be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.(
6、2015江苏) 2During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs_(increase) sharply.(2013浙江) 【答案】1.were 2.has increased,三、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 现在完成进行时强调动作，而现在完成时强调结果。 I have finished the task. 我已完成任务了。(做完了) I have been working. 我一直在工作。(未做完),用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1In the
7、last few years, China _ (make)great achievements in environmental protection.(2015北京) 2Marty_(work) really hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday.(2015陕西),3Tony, why are your eyes red? I _(cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.(2014江西) 4Since the time humankind started ga
8、rdening, we _(try)to make our environment more beautiful.(2014湖南) 5The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody_(see) them since.(2014大纲卷),【答案】1.has made 2.has been working 3.have been cutting 4.have been trying 5.has seen,四、一般过去时与过去完成时的区别 1一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，而过去完成时则表示动作或存在的状态是在过去某一时间以前发生的，即“过去的过去”
9、。,2表示连续的动作常用and，but，then等连接(动作发生的先后顺序有时可由动词的词汇意义来表示)，且常用一般过去时，而不用过去完成时。过去完成时常与by the end of last week/month/year，by last week/month或一般过去时的before/when从句连用。,3hope，expect, mean, intend, want, think, suppose 等动词的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。 I had meant to see you last night, but I had an unexpected visitor. 昨晚我
10、本打算去看你的，但我有一位不速之客。,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I _(leave) my book in the cafe.(2015安徽) 2Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been? I went to Ningxia and_ (stay) there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.(2014福建),3Writing out all the invitations by hand was mor
11、e timeconsuming than we _ (expect)(2014山东) 4. Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she _ (see)most of the guests before.(2014浙江) 5Im calling about the apartment you _(advertise) the other day.Could you tell me more about it? (2013安徽),6I _(mean) to come to see you yesterd
12、ay, but I had an unexpected visitor. 【答案】1.had left 2.stayed 3.had expected 4.had seen 5.advertised 6.had meant,五、几种时态的特殊用法 1一般现在时 (1)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。如： If it doesnt snow this afternoon, I will go shopping. 如果今天下午不下雪，我将去购物。,(2)表示按时刻表发生的事情用一般现在时表示将来。如： The train leaves at 10：00.Ill arrive at
13、 the railway station by 9：40. 火车10点出发，我将于9：40到达火车站。,2进行时 (1)进行时表示动作的未完成性、暂时性、感情色彩(赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等)，经常与always, constantly连用。 The lazy person always complaining about life.(厌恶) 这个懒惰的人总是抱怨生活。,(2)动词come, go, leave, stay, fly, arrive, begin, start, take等可用进行时表示将来。 I am taking my mother to spend the holiday nex
14、t month. 下个月我将带着母亲去度假。,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1Whenever you _ (buy) a present, you should think about it from the receivers point of view.(2014湖南) 2If we dont act now to protect the environment, we_(live) to regret it.(2013课标),3We _(leave)very early so we packed the night before.(2013课标) 4Look at the timet
15、able.Hurry up！Flight 4026 _ (take)off at 18：20. 5Mikes wife never gives him pocket money until he _(explain) clearly how he will spend it. 【答案】1.buy 2.will live 3.were leaving 4.takes 5has explained,六、常用的固定时态 1It/This/That is/was the序数词time that“这是某人第次做某事”，that从句用现在完成时/过去完成时。如： This is the first time we have met in America. 2It is /has been/was时间段since从句，从句中用一般过去时/过去完成时。如： It has been 3 years since I smoked.,3It will (not) be/was(not)时间段before从句，从句中用一般现在时/一般过去时。如： It will
