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1、非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法 一、不定式作宾补 1.常见的的接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词： tell, ask, want, teach, allow, expect, get, demand, request, invite, love, hate, like, prefer, would like 等。其否定形式在不定式前加 not。作宾补的动词 所表示的动作发生在这些动词之后。如： a. My mother often tells me to study hard at school. b. Mr. Feng asked us not to play too many comput
2、er games at home. c. I want you to teach me how to learn English well.,2.常见的接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要是一些表示感觉的动词: 一感：feel 二听：hear, listen to 三让：let, make, have 五看：look at, see, watch, notice, observe 半帮助: help help sb. to do / do sth. 此时不定式（短语）表示的动作发生在感觉动词之前，事情的全部过程已经结束。例如：a. Did you hear me sing a song l
3、ast night? b. He saw a girl get on the bus.,其次还有几个使役动词 make, have，let 等。这 时宾补表示的动作发生在使役动词之后。 c. Please let me help you clean / to clean the windows. d. Oh, please dont make the baby cry again. 注意：含不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的句子变成 被动语态时，要把to加回，例如： a. I heard her sing yesterday. - She was heard to sing yesterday b
4、y me. b. He made me laugh. - I was made to laugh by him.,二、V-ing形式作宾补，表示动作的过程，即动作正在进行，尚未结束。宾语与宾补之间是主动的逻辑主谓关系。它主要是用在下列两类动词之后。 1感觉动词，主要有 feel ，hear， listen to , look at, watch, see , observe，notice, find，catch 等。如：a. Dont make any noise! Dont you see the child sleeping? b. I hear someone knocking at t
5、he door. Please go and see who it is. c. He saw a girl getting on the bus. 2使役动词，主要有 make, have，get，leave，keep, start, send，set等。如： a. Im sorry to keep you waiting for a long time. b. It was so cold that the travelers had the fire burning all the night.,三、V-ed形式作宾补，着重动作完成，表明动作的结果，它与宾语之间是被动的逻辑主谓关系。它主
6、要是用在下列两类动词之后。 1表示感觉和心理状态的动词，主要有 feel， hear，see，notice，watch， find， like, think等. 如： a. He saw the thief caught by the police yesterday. b. She was glad to see her child taken good care of. 2表示“致使”意义的使役动词，主要有have， make， get， keep，leave等。如： a. Im gong to have my hair cut. b. Youd better have that bad
7、tooth pulled out.,Make的意思是“使成为”、“使作为”、“使变成”。 1. make +宾语+名词 Most pop singers make music their career. 2. make +宾语+形容词 Internet makes our lives easy and convenient. 3. make +宾语+介词短语 You made him into an honest one. 4. make +宾语从句 What has made China what she is today? 5. make +it +形容词或名词+带to的不定式/从句 Th
8、is makes it possible for agriculture and industry to develop quickly They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job,leave作使役动词,表示“使/ 让保持某种状态”。 leave + sb/sth +不定式 Leave him to do it himself. leave + sb/sth +现在分词 They walked off and left me sitting there alone. l
9、eave + sb/sth +过去分词 He left a few questions unanswered. leave + sb/sth +形容词 Leave the door open when you go out. leave + sb/sth +名词、介词短语 His parents both died last year, leaving him an orphan.,Keep表示使（某人或某物）保持某种状态或使某一动作 继续. keep + sb/sth + 介词 If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets. keep +
10、 sb/sth + 形容词 These gloves will keep your hands warm. keep +sb/sth + 副词 The cold weather kept us indoors. keep + sb/sth + V-ing Im sorry Ive kept you waiting. keep + sb/sth + V-ed She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was.,find 表示“发现”时，其后可接各种形式的复合结构： (1) 宾语+名词, 如：Youll find it a difficult book
11、. 有时可在宾语补足语前加上to be。如： Youll find it to be a difficult book. (2) 宾语+形容词, 如：He found the room empty. 有时可在宾语补足语前加上to be。如： We find the story (to be) very interesting. (3) 宾语+副词, 如：Did you find her in? 用作宾语补足语的副词通常只能是in, out, up, down, upstairs, downstairs等表示处所的副词小品词，而不能是其他普通副词。 (4) 宾语+不定式作宾语补足语。如： He
12、found the patient to be a small boy find用于主动语态时，作宾语补足语的不定式通常为to be（通常可以省略）, 但find用于被动语态时，作宾语补足语的不定式中的动词可以用其他动词。如： Her blood was found to contain poison.,(5) 宾语+现在分词， 如：I found him standing at the door. (6) 宾语+过去分词， 如：He found the door locked. (7) 宾语+介词短语， 如：We found her in tears. 另外还要注意“find+形式宾语it+
13、宾语补足语”结构。如： I find it easy to get on with her. 3. 其后有时可接 that 从句。如： I found that the book was very interesting. 后接 that 从句时，只要句型适合且不影响原意，有时可 转换成复合结构，如上面的第一句可转换为： I found the book very interesting. 但是，下面两句不适合这种转换，因为从句中用了情态动词或完成时态。 He found (that) no one could answer his question. When he arrived, he
14、found that she had gone.,注意几种习惯用法： 1. see, watch, notice, look at, observe; hear, listen to; feel + sb + do 作宾补，表示事情全过程或一次性动作，该动作已完成。表示一个事实。 + doing 作宾补，表示一个正在进行和发生的动作，尚未结束。具有一定的描述性。 + done作宾补，sb跟done 之间是被动关系 。 He saw a girl get on the bus. He saw a girl getting on the bus. He saw a thief caught by the police. 2. let / make sb do sth get sb to do / doing / done have sb do / doing / one 3. find / think / feel it + adj. + to do 结构 ask sb to do get sb to do,
