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1、专题十一 推理判断,高考英语 (课标卷区),A组 统一命题课标卷题组 .Passage 1(2018课标全国,D)词数:351 We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. Thats bad news for the environ
2、mentand our walletsas these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things. To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each pro
3、duct throughout its lifefrom when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 19 92. Digital came
4、ras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smartphones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.,五年高考,As we accumulated more devices, however, we didnt throw out our old ones. “The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room,
5、 and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. Were not just keeping these old deviceswe con- tinue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team, old desktop
6、 monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window. So whats the solution(解决方案)?The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what
7、 would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.,1.Wh
8、at does the author think of new devices? A.They are environment-friendly. B.They are no better than the old. C.They cost more to use at home. D.They go out of style quickly. 2.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research? A.To reduce the cost of minerals. B.To test the life cycle of a product. C.To up
9、date consumers on new technology. D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices. 3.Which of the following uses the least energy? A.The box-set TV. B.The tablet. C.The LCD TV. D.The desktop computer. 4.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices? A.Stop using them. B.Take
10、 them apart. C.Upgrade them. D.Recycle them.,答案 语篇解读 我们也许认为当新的科技产品出现时,人们会将已经落后、过时的东西抛弃,但 研究发现事实并非如此。陈旧的产品仍然被使用着,但是使用起来消耗的能源多、污染大,的 确应该及时淘汰。 1.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为:作者认为新装置怎么样?根据第一段最后一句可知,继续使 用过时的装置对环境和我们的钱包都不是好消息,因为它们与新装置相比,做相同的事情会消 耗更多的能源。由此可判断,作者认为新装置有利于环保。 2.D 事实细节题。本题题干意为:为什么Babbitt的团队要进行这项研究?根据第二段第一句
11、可知,为了弄清楚这些设备消耗多少电量,Babbitt和同事们持续跟踪每个产品在其使用周期内 的环境成本。D项意为“为了查清这些装置耗费的电量。”,与文章内容一致。 3.B 事实细节题。本题题干意为:以下哪种装置耗能最少?根据第一段可知新装置耗费的能 量较少,而第二段则指出与其他几种装置相比,tablets(平板电脑)出现的时间最晚,为最新的科 技产品,而且最后一段指出,tablets具有多种功能,比电视和台式电脑消耗的能量少,故B项正 确。,4.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为:文章建议人们如何处理陈旧的电子设备?最后一段讲到了 解决方案,本段指出,研究人员探索了消费者用有多种功能的电子产品替换陈
12、旧产品后的结 果。由最后一句可知,用平板电脑代替电视和台式电脑来收看娱乐节目,会减少44%的能源消 耗。由此可知文章建议人们不要再使用陈旧的电子设备,故A项正确。 Passage 2(2018课标全国,C)词数:368 While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chin
13、ese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage. Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prizewhich is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architectureon February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen t
14、o win this award. Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art(CAA). His of- fice is located at the Xiangshan campus(校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.,The style of the campus is quite diffe
15、rent from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view. Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different a
16、ges. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素). Wangs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of tradi- tions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao An- do, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize. Wang believes traditio
