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1、Womet of achievement,Unit 1,Section Learning about Language,Unit 1,观察思考 用所给词的适当形式填空。 Following Janes way of studying chimps, our group _(be)all going to visit them in the forest. Watching a family of chimps wake up _(be)our first activity of the day. Jane _(have) studied these families of chimps for
2、 many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.,Everybody _(sit) and _(wait) in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family _(be)as strong as in a human family. When she first arrived in
3、 Gombe in 1960, it _(be) unusual for a woman to live in the forest. 答案：are is has sits; waits is was,一、基础点拨 (一)名词作主语时的主谓一致 1只表示复数意义的名词people，police，cattle，poultry(家禽)等，形式上是单数，而意义上却是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式。 *Cattle are selling for record prices this year. 牛今年的售价之高是创纪录的。,2集体名词crowd，family，team，group，government，
4、committee，class，union，firm，staff，public等作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式，强调各个成员，则谓语动词用复数形式。 *The team is the best in this city. 这个队是这个城市最好的队。 *The team are driving to the game in their own cars.(强调队员) 队员们正驾驶自己的车前往赛场。,3只作不可数名词的集体名词clothing，baggage/luggage，furniture，scenery，jewellery，equipment等作主语时
5、，谓语动词用单数形式。 *The baggage was brought from the attic for packing. 把行李从阁楼上搬下来打包。 *The furniture was made according to her order. 家具是按她的要求定做的。,4单复数同形的名词means，sheep，deer等，据其表达的单复数的意义而定。 *The quickest means of travel is by plane. 最快的交通方式是乘飞机。 *There wasnt a sheep in sight. 一只羊也看不见。 *The sheep are safe in
6、 the sheepfold. 羊在羊栏里很安全。,5只有复数形式的名词goods，clothes，remains等，谓语动词用复数形式。 *Therere a large variety of goods in the shops. 商店里有各式各样的商品。 6表示成双成套的名词glasses，trousers，shoes，scissors，gloves等，谓语动词用复数形式。 *My trousers are too tight, so I have to change them for another pair. 我的裤子太紧了，因此我只好换另一条。,名师点拨 按“量”则不同 表示成双成
7、套的名词前若有pair of，type of等修饰，谓语动词的单复数根据量词的形式确定。 *A new pair of trousers was bought by my aunt yesterday. 昨天我姑姑买了一条新裤子。,(二)并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1由and或both. and连接，其内容是复数，谓语动词需用复数。 *Both the artist and his student are going to Beijing next week. 下周这位艺术家和他的学生打算去北京。 2由or；either. or.；neither. nor.；not only. but als
8、o.；not.but.等连接主语时，谓语动词单复数须与就近的名词或代词一致。 *Either he or his friends are to give us a hand. 他或者他的朋友们计划帮我们一把。,3主语后有with，together with，as well as，like，along with，rather than等词或短语时，谓语动词的单复数仍与主语一致。 *He, together with his classmates, is going to go swimming tomorrow afternoon. 他和他的同班同学打算明天下午去游泳。,(三)数量概念作主语时的
9、主谓一致 1表示时间、距离、长度、重量等的复数名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 *Ten years isnt a very long period. 十年不是一段很长的时期。 2some，most，rest及分数、百分数等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据所代替的名词确定。 *Some of the students are from abroad.(some指代学生们) 一些学生来自国外。 *Is there any more tea？还有茶吗？ Yes, some is left.(some指代茶)有，还剩一点。,3a number of复数名词谓语(复数)。 *A number of
10、 new buildings have just been finished. 很多的新楼刚刚建成。 4the number of复数名词谓语(单数)。 *The number of chairs in the classroom is 60. 教室里有60把椅子。,5quantities of复数名词/不可数名词谓语(复数)；而a quantity of复数名词/不可数名词，谓语动词的单复数取决于后面的名词。 *Large quantities of water are needed for cooling purpose. 冷却要用大量的水。 *A quantity of food has
11、 been sent to the disasterstricken area. 大量的食物被送往了灾难袭击的地区。,(四)不定代词作主语时的主谓一致 1either，neither，each，little，much等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 *Each of us has a company car. 我们每人都有一辆公司的汽车。 2both，few，many，several等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 *Both of them swim well. 他们俩都很会游泳。,3all指可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词形式用复数；若指不可数名词作主语，谓语动词形式用单数。 *All of
12、 us were disappointed by him. 他使我们大家都失望了。 *All of his advice is very important to us. 他的所有的建议对我们来说很重要。,4none指可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词形式单、复数均可；若指不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 *None of the money is mine. 这笔钱没有一点是我的。 *None of the guests want to stay. 客人中没有一个想留下的。,二、难点突破 特殊结构作主语时的主谓一致。 1由and连接的并列单数主语前若有no，each，many a，ever
13、y等修饰，谓语动词要用单数。 *Each boy and each girl is asked to be dressed in a school uniform. 每个男孩及每个女孩都被要求穿校服。 *Many a book and many a dictionary was bought for the school. 为这所学校买了很多的书及词典。,2当and连接的两个词指同一个人或事物时，谓语要用单数。 *The writer and teacher is giving a lecture to the students. 这位作家兼教师正在给学生们做报告。 3many a/more
14、than one/one of单数名词谓语(单数)。 *Many a book is handed out among the readers. 很多书被分发给了读者。,4the形容词作主语。 *The poor are in need of help. 穷人们需要帮助。 5在there be句式中，谓语动词与就近的名词单复数一致。 *There is a dictionary and some papers on the desk. 桌上有一本词典和一些讲义。,6在倒装句中，谓语动词的单复数与其后面的名词的单复数一致。 *There comes the bus. 公交车来了。 7定语从句中关
15、系代词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与先行词的单复数一致。 *Those who want to join the club sign here, please. 想参加俱乐部的人请在这里签名。,8表示单一概念的不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 *Learning about what happens every day in the world is to benefit you a lot. 随时了解世上每天发生的事情一定会对你有益。,名师点拨 what引导从句作主语，且谓语为系表结构时，谓语的单复数形式取决于表语。 *What the farmers are in great
16、need of now is water. 农民们现在急需的东西是水。 *What the farmers are in great need of now are tools. 农民们现在急需的东西是工具。,单项语法填空 1No bird and no beast _(see) in the lonely island. 答案：is seen “no名词andno名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；主语和see之间为动宾关系。故用被动语态。句意为“在这个孤岛上，人们没有看到鸟和动物”。 2One and a half apples _(be) left on the table. 答案：is “one and a half复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。句意为“桌子上只剩下一个半苹果了”。,3How did your st
