《通用版2018高考英语二轮复习第一部分语法突破专题10特殊句式和主谓一致第1讲特殊句式课件》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《通用版2018高考英语二轮复习第一部分语法突破专题10特殊句式和主谓一致第1讲特殊句式课件(27页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、,语法专题突破,第一部分,专题十 特殊句式和主谓一致,2017考纲精解,第1讲 特殊句式,1(2016全国卷)It could be anythinggardening, cooking, music, sportsbut whatever it is, 70._ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 【解析】 分析破折号后的句子结构可知,whatever引导让步状语从句,make sure部分是主句。这里用动词原形开头构成祈使句。,make,2(2016福建福州
2、3月质检)This technology did not spread to Europe 67. _ the 19th century, and it was by using the technology 68. _ the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859. 【解析】 67空考查连词。根据句意“直到19世纪,这项科技才传到欧洲”判断要用until,notuntil意为“直到才”。68空考查强调句It isthat结构。句意“就是运用了这项科技,1859年美国人才能在宾夕法尼亚州钻出第一口油井”。,un
3、til,that,3(2014全国卷)My dream school starts at 8:30 am. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. 【解析】 第二句表达的应该是一个“therebe名词时间或者地点状语”,意为:某地(某时间)有。所以应将They改为There。注意句子开头首字母大写。 【答案】 TheyThere 4(2016贵阳一中高三月考)If you want to become a better reader, here is four i
4、mportant things to remember about your reading speed. 【解析】 此句为倒装句,主语是four important things,所以谓语动词用复数形式。 【答案】 isare,5(2016齐鲁名校教科研协作体二联)With time going by, Im in Senior 3 now. It is me who have no time to stay with him now! 【解析】 根据句型It iswho可知,本句为强调句式,强调主语“我”,应用主格代词。 【答案】 meI,一、强调句 1强调句型的陈述句形式:It is/w
5、as被强调部分that/who其他成分。被强调部分为“人”时可用who/that,被强调部分是“事物”时用that。 It is I who/that am right.(强调主语) It was him that/who we met at the school gate.(强调宾语) It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.(强调状语),2强调句型的一般疑问句形式:Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他成分? Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out? 第二次世界大战是在19
6、39年爆发的吗? 3强调句型的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词is/was it that其他成分? When was it that you called me yesterday? 你昨天给我打电话是什么时候?,4有时可用 It might bethat/who,It must have beenthat/who句型表示强调。 It might be his father that/who youre thinking of. 你牵挂的可能是他父亲。 It must have been his brother that/who you saw. 你看到的一定是他的弟弟。,5notuntil结构的
7、强调句型 其强调句式为:It is/was not until被强调部分that其他成分。 He didnt go to bed until ten oclock. It was not until ten oclock that he went to bed. 直到10点他才上床睡觉。 I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a fa
8、mous film star. 直到她摘掉墨镜我才认出她是一个著名影星。,6对谓语动词的强调 Is is/waswho/that结构不能强调谓语动词。如果需要强调谓语动词,用助动词do,does或did。 Do come this evening. 今天晚上一定要来啊。 He did write to you last week. 上周他的确给你写信了。 Tom does study hard now. 现在汤姆的确学习很努力。,【温馨提示】如果由特殊疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时,从句必须使用陈述语序,不可用疑问语序。 He asked me who it was that took
9、 his umbrella by mistake. 他问我是谁错拿了他的雨伞。,二、倒装句 1完全倒装 谓语动词完全置于主语之前的句子便是完全倒装句。 (1)表示地点、时间或方位等的副词或介词(短语),如:here,there, now, then, up, down, in, out, away, off, in the room, on the wall等,置于句首,且主语是名词时。 Down came the rain and up went the umbrella. 下雨了,伞撑起来了。 Out rushed the children laughing loudly. 孩子们大笑着冲
10、了出去。 【温馨提示】主语为人称代词时,则不倒装。,(2)such置于句首时。 Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th centurys greatest scientist. 这就是阿尔伯特爱因斯坦,一个质朴的人,也是20世纪最伟大的科学家。,此句型中的such多被认为是表语,所以such后的be动词应与其后真正的主语保持一致。 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 这些就是事实,没有人能否定它们。,2部分倒装 只把谓语的一部分(多为助动词或情态动词或be动词)置于主语之前的句子,叫
11、部分倒装句。 (1)sobe动词/助动词/情态动词主语,意为“也是如此”。 They love having lots of friends; so do I. 他们喜欢交很多朋友,我也是如此。 (2)neither/norbe动词/助动词/情态动词主语,意为“也不这样”。 Lily cant ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy. 莉莉不会骑自行车,露西也不会。,(3)否定词never,seldom, nor, not,little, hardly, scarcely,rarely等或表示否定意义的介词短语at no time,under/in no ci
12、rcumstances,in no case,by no means,on no condition等置于句首时。 Hardly/Scarcely had he sat down when the bell rang. No sooner had he sat down than the bell rang. 他刚坐下,电话就响了。,(4)only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且都放在句首时。 Only then did I begin to understand him. 就在那时,我才开始理解他。 【温馨提示】only修饰主语时,句子不倒装。 Only he can answer the
13、question. 只有他能回答这个问题。,(5)sothat和suchthat句式中,so 或 such及其所修饰的部分置于句首时,主句用部分倒装。 So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 他英语说得如此清楚,以至于别人都能听懂。 (6)if引导的虚拟语气的句子中,如果省略if需倒装。 Were I you? I would work hard. 如果我是你,我会努力工作。 Had you told me earlier, I would have offered some he
14、lp. 如果你早点告诉我,我就会提供一些帮助。,(7)在 as/though 引导让步状语从句中,当从句的表语/状语/动词位于句首时,用部分倒装。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词,其前不加冠词。 Strange as it may seem, if youre unsatisfied,the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desires. 尽管这听起来很奇怪,但是如果你不满意,问题不是缺少满足你的欲望的方法,而是你根本就没有欲望。 (8)“may动词原形”表示祝愿,通常将 may 置于句首,构成倒装语
15、序。 May you succeed! 祝你成功!,3形式倒装 形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。它的特点是只把强调的内容提至句首,主谓并不倒装。这样的结构非常多。但有几个重要的句型需要特别留意: (1)感叹句 What an interesting talk they had! How interesting their talk was! 他们进行了一次多么有趣的谈话! (2)the more, the more句型 The more you listen to English,the easier it becomes. 你听英语听得越多,它就变得越简单。,(3)whatevern.或how
16、everadj./adv.引导的让步状语从句 Whatever reasons you have,you should carry out your promise. 无论你有什么理由,你都应当履行诺言。 However difficult the problem may be, we must work it out this evening. 不管这个问题多难,我们今天晚上必须把它解决。,三、省略句 1复合句中的省略 在 as if, if, though, when, where, while, no matter what,until等引导的从句中,若谓语部分含be动词,而主语又与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it时,从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。 All the photographs in this book, unless (the pho