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1、The Subjunctive Mood,虚拟语气 (The Subjunctive Mood) 表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。,通常有三种情况： 与过去事实相反。 （过去虚拟） 与现在事实相反。 （现在虚拟） 与将来事实可能相反。（将来虚拟）,Teaching Aims,1. Unreal conditionals 非真实条件句的虚拟语气 2.Mixed conditionals 交叉（混合）式虚拟语气 3.Implied conditionals 含蓄式虚拟语气 4.“（should)+动词原形”式虚拟语气 5
2、. as if/ though wish would rather If only It is (high) time that It is +adj + that ,从句中的虚拟语气,The basic pattern of unreal conditionals: (非真实条件句),Revision and leading in,1.非真实条件句的虚拟语气,had done,did (were),1. did( were),would/should/could/might have done,would/should/could/might do,2. were to do,3. shou
3、ld do,1. _ , all the students would hear. A. If the teacher had spoken louder B. If the teacher will speak louder C. Had the teacher spoken louder D. If the teacher spoke louder,2. If the professor _ the experiment on time, he _very happy. finished, would be , finished, be C. will finish , will be D
4、. finish , would be,3. If she had worked harder, she _. A. would succeed B. had succeeded C. should succeed D. would have succeeded,4. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt get C. had driven; wouldnt have got D. were driving; wouldnt get,5. Wh
5、at should we do if it _tomorrow? A. should snow B. were snow C. snow D. will snow 6. If it _ tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Bridge. Which one is wrong? A. were to rain B. should rain C. would rain D. rained,Were I to go to the moon, I would see it with .,2. If he had been there
6、yesterday, he would have seen the film.,Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,1. If I were to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.,3. If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,EXERCISE,2.倒装句: if 省略，were, had, sh
7、ould提前,4. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 5. _ I known he needed money so badly, I might have managed to help him. A. Unless B. When C. If D. Had 6. _ I be free tomorrow, I could go with you. A. Could B. Should C. Might D. Must
8、,3. 含有or, otherwise, with, without, but, but for, 等词的含蓄虚拟条件句,Without air , there would be no living things. But for your help , I couldnt have done it. I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them. (_that day, I would have gone there with them.) I would have finished the work, bu
9、t I have been ill. (_, I would have finished the work.),(If there were no air),(If there hadnt been your help),If I hadnt been busy,If I hadnt been ill,( ) 5. He must have had an accident, or he_ here then. A. would have been B. had been C. should have been D. could be ( ) 6. We didnt know his telep
10、hone number, otherwise we _ him. A. would have telephoned B. must have telephoned C. would telephone D. had telephoned,( ) 7. Without electricity human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be ( ) 8. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he
11、 _ a goal. A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored,4. 混合虚拟: 注意时间状语！,If you had followed my advice, you _(be) able to finish the work now. If I _ (be) you, I _(go) to her birthday party last night. If you _ (work) hard now, you _ (have) a bright future later on. It is hard for me
12、to imagine what I would be doing today If I _ in love at the age of seven, with the Melina Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall,would be,were,would have gone,worked,would have,4.虚拟语气特殊句型：,(1) wish,现在： 过去： 未来：,did（were）,had done,would/cou
13、ld/might do,1)I wish I were a bird. 2)I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. 3)We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.,（现在）,过去,（将来）,(2).if only,现在： 过去： 未来：,did（were）,had done,would/could/might do,“要是就好了”, 结构 = I wish,If only I _(know) her name! If only we _(follow) your advice! If only I _(can see) him
14、again!,knew,had followed,could see,现在： 过去： 将来 :,did /were,had done,would + do,(3). as if /though + 从句 “好像” 同wish,3)When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.,A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken,1)The actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _(be) a young man. 2)She talked about the film as if she _(see) it,4)The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _rain.,A. is going to B. will C. was going to D. would,.,were,had seen,(4). would rather that
