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1、,第二部分 语法专题突破 专题十一 动词的语态,直击中招考点,被动语态是河南中招的重点，考生在做此类试题时，首先读懂句意，确定主语和谓语，明确谓语动词的动作是否由主语发出，如果谓语动词的动作由主语发出，则是主动语态；如 果不是由主语发出，则是被动语态，由此可排除主动语态的选项。同时，还可以根据被动语态的基本,考点精讲,结构、动作的承受者(动作的对象，多是名词)在空前、实施者在空后(有时也省略)判断出使用被动语态。 其次，河南中招对于被动语态的考查一般会和时态相结合。那么考生就需要根据关键词(时间状语)来判断出时态。对于没有关键词的试题，则要根据上下文已经给出的时态、语境理解并结合常识进行判断。
2、从而确定正确时态的被动语态。,例1：Tell me one thing youre proud of in your junior high school, Tony. I as captain of the school football team. A. choose B. chose C. am chosen D. was chosen 【方法点拨】第步：分析语境“托尼，告诉我一件你在初中时引以为荣的事。”“我_学校足球队队长。” 并且根据词组choose sb. as+职务“选某人当”可知，主语I与谓语choose应是被动关系，故排除A、B项；第步：观察语境，没有明显的时态提示词；第步
3、：根据对话的上下语境可知这是讨论过去发生的事，所以确定是用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。,D,例2：Mr. King by the reporter yesterday. Hes great! He helped so many disabled people. A. was interviewed B. is interviewed C. is interviewing D. was interviewing 【方法点拨】第步：分析语境“金先生昨天被记_。” “他很了不起！他帮助了如此多的残疾人”及句中的“by the reporter”可知，动作的承受者Mr. King在空前，实施者the
4、 reporter在空后；第步：观察语境，找到关键词“yester- day”，可首先判断出本题的时态是一般过去时，排除B、C项；本题考查被动语态，故选A。,A,被动语态的构成(6年6考8次) 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(用done表示)”构成。常见的被动结构如下：,被动语态的用法 在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于以下几种情况： 1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁。如： This watch was made in China. 这块手表是在中国制造的。 2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如： Many trees must be planted every year.
5、每年都应该种很多树。,3. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如: Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人在说汉语。 4. 动作的发出者不是指人。如： Many houses were washed away by the flood. 许多房屋被洪水冲走了。,现学现用,Smoking (allow) here. Can you see the sign? 2. On Teachers Day, Mrs. Lin_ (give) lots of best wishes from her students. 3
6、. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, the sports meeting (hold) in the playground.,is not allowed,was given,will be held,4. When Tim why he was late for school, he just kept silent. A. was asked B. asked C. was asking D. is asked 5. Its difficult to get to the other side of the river. I think a bridge over
7、the river. A.should be built B.should build C.will build D.has built,A,A,6. Chinese by more and more people from all over the world today. A. learn B. learned C. is learned D. was learned 7. A football match between Class Two and Class Three tomorrow afternoon. A. is held B. was held C. must be held D. will be held,C,D,
