《2017-2018学年高中英语 unit1 section2 learning about language课件 新人教版必修2》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2017-2018学年高中英语 unit1 section2 learning about language课件 新人教版必修2（38页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、成才之路 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版 必修2,Cultural relics,Unit 1,Section Learning about Language 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句,Unit 1,用关系词(which/whom/when/where)完成下列句子，并判断它们是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。 This gift was the Amber Room, _ was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. The amber _ was selected h
2、ad a beautiful yellow brown colour like honey. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, _ took the countrys best artists about ten years to make.,Later, Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg _ she spent her summers. This was a time _ the two countries wer
3、e at war. 结论：限制性定语从句：_ 非限制性定语从句：_ 答案：which which which where when 结论：；,一、定语从句的种类 定语从句根据其与主句关系的密切程度可以分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句两种。,二、定语从句的定义 1限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与主句分开。 This is the MP4 that/which I bought for my daughter yesterday. 这是我昨天为女儿买的MP4。,2非限制性定语从句：非限制
4、性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，它只是对先行词或主句作附加或补充性的说明，不起限制作用，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这类定语从句在书写时，大多用逗号与主句分开。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词不可省略。 He passed the exam, which surprised his parents. 他通过了考试，这使他的父母很吃惊。,三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 1作用不同 限制性定语从句用来修饰和说明先行词，具有限制作用；而非限制性定语从句一般跟先行词的关系并不十分密切，只是对先行词的附加、补充说明，不起限制作用，可以省略。省略后主句的意思仍然完整。,Her siste
5、r who teaches us English will go abroad next year. 她教我们英语的姐姐明年将出国。(限制性定语从句，意思是她可能还有别的姐姐。) Her sister, who teaches us English, will go abroad next year. 她的姐姐教我们英语，明年将出国。(非限制性定语从句，对先行词her sister 起到补充说明的作用，言外之意：她只有一个姐姐。),2形式不同 限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号和主句隔开。 Mr. Smith, who came to see me yesterd
6、ay, is one of my best friends. 昨天来看我的史密斯先生是我的一位好朋友。(非限制性定语从句) Here is the man that you want to see. 这就是你想见的那个人。(限制性定语从句),3先行词不同 限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是一句话。 This is the best novel that I have ever read. 这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。(先行词是novel) The novel, which I read last night, is very inter
7、esting. 这是我昨天晚上看过的小说，非常有意思。(先行词为novel) The novel is very interesting, which makes me very glad. 这部小说很有意思，这让我很高兴。(先行词为“The novel is very interesting”),4关系词的使用情况有所不同,The house (that/which)I bought last month has got a beautiful garden. 我上个月买的那幢房子有一个漂亮的花园。 Can you tell me the reason why he was absent y
8、esterday? 你能告诉我他昨天缺席的原因吗？ This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about. 这就是我们正谈论的那个人。 重点提示 在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时，关系代词可用who，that或whom，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用who或whom。,5翻译不同 含限制性定语从句的句子先译从句，后译先行词，将从句放在先行词前。含非限制性定语从句的句子一般先译先行词，后译从句，形成两个分句。 Our school has two foreign teachers, both of whom are from
9、 America. 我们学校有两个外教，他们都来自美国。 The foreigner who comes from America teaches us English. 来自美国的那位外教我们英语。,四、which与as引导的非限制性定语从句 1as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的相同点：as与which都可用来引导非限制性定语从句，来指代整个主句的内容。当非限制性定语从句位于句末且as或which在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，两者常可互换。 He married her, which/as was natural. (作主语) 他和她结婚了，这是很自然的事。 He is an old
10、kind farmer, which/as anybody can see. 任何人都能看得出来，他是一位善良的老农。(作宾语),2as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的不同点：,As is known to all, Diaoyu Island belongs to China. 众所周知，钓鱼岛属于中国。 A ship named “Dexinhai” was kidnapped by Somalia pirates last year, as was reported on TV. 据电视报道，去年“德新海”号货轮被索马里海盗劫持。,重点提示 (1)as还常用在一些固定结构中，如as
11、we know/as is known to all(众所周知)，as we all can see (正如我们大家都能看到的那样)，as is often the case (情况常常是这样)，as might be imagined (可以想象得到)，as might be expected(正如所预料的那样)，as has been pointed out(正如所指出的那样)，as has been said before/above (正如前文所述)，as (it) often happens(像往常一样)。,(2)当which在从句中指代的是先行词本身而不是主句时，不可用as代替wh
12、ich。 The car, which we saw on the playground yesterday, is Mikes. 我们昨天在操场上见到的那辆车是迈克的。,活学活用 .单句语法填空 1(2015江苏，21改编)The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 答案：as 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：据报道，吸烟人数仅一年内就下降了17%。as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个句子。which引导非限制性定语从句时常位于主句之后，所以不能用which。,2Alice re
13、ceived an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise. 答案：which 分析句子结构可知，后半句为非限制性定语从句，which可引导非限制性定语从句，在这里指代主句的内容。,3(2015福建，34改编)China Today attracts a worldwide readership，_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 答案：which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：今日中国吸引了世界范围的读者群，这表明全世
14、界越来越多的人想了解中国。从句中缺少主语，指代前面句子的内容，所以填which。,4Nowadays, when people talk about magicians, the first one _ comes into their mind is Liu Qian. 答案：that/who 句意：现在每当人们谈起魔术师时，他们第一个想到的就是刘谦。先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语，因此填that/who。 5Watch out! Dont get close to the building _ walls are being painted. 答案：whose 由句意和分析句子结构可知从句
15、中缺少定语修饰walls，故填whose。,6Ive read all the books _ I borrowed from the library. 答案：that 句意：我已读了我从图书馆借的所有的书。分析句子结构，从空格处起至句末是定语从句，由于先行词the books受到不定代词all修饰，故应用that。,7(2015湖南，29改编)It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottag
16、es. 答案：which 考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是place；而且从句中缺少主语，所以填关系代词which。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，它看起来一定跟100年前一样，有着蜿蜒的街道和美丽的村舍。注意非限制性定语从句不用that引导。,8.We are really interested in the way _ the painter has painted the painting. 答案：that 当way(方式)作先行词，且关系词在从句中作状语时，关系词可用that/in which。 9The boy finally went to Beijing University, _
