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1、,新课标人教版课件系列,高中英语 选修(模块）7-3.1,Under the sea,一: V-ing 形式由 “doing” 构成，其否定形式是 “not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。,Grammar,V-ing 形式,(not) doing,(not) being done,(not) having done,(not) having been done,二: V-ing 可作主语、宾语、表语; 定语、状语和宾语补足语，但不能单独作谓语。 V-ing 形式表示的动作与主要动词同时发生或发生在主要动词之后，用其
2、一般式; V-ing 形式表示的动作在主要动词之前发生，用其完成时，在具体应用中也常以一般式代替完成式。,V-ing 的用法：,(1)作主语 Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益。 Raising your hat to a lady is good manners. 对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。,(2) 作表语 Teaching is learning. 教学相长。 My hobby is making model planes. 我的嗜好是做模型飞机。,注意：,1. V-ing形式和不定式都可表示比较抽象的一般性的行为；而表示具体的某次动作，尤其是将来的
3、动作时，多用不定式。 To obey/Obeying the law is everyones duty.,2. V-ing形式和不定式都要有对称性;当主语是不定式时，表语也用不定式；反之，当主语是 V-ing 形式时，表语也用 V-ing 形式。 To see is to believe. Seeing is believing.,3. V-ing 形式与现在分词作表语的区别: V-ing形式作表语相当于名词，主语和表语的位置可以调换；现在分词作表语相当于形容词，不可与主语调换位置。 My job is teaching. = Teaching is my job. My job is in
4、teresting.,4. 在 “Its no use/good”等 it 作形式主语的结构中，用V-ing不用不定式作主语。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。,(3)作宾语 V-ing 形式既可作动词的宾语, 也可作介词的宾语。 We would appreciate hearing from you我们会珍惜你的来信。 The child was saved from drowning by the lifeguard. 小孩子被救生员救起，免于淹死。,注意： 1) 在 avoid, admit, appreciate, complete
5、, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, put off, feel like, cant help 等后只接V-ing形式作宾语。,He escaped being hurt in the accident. 他逃过了在车祸中受伤。 2) 在begin, continue, start, attempt, intend, dislike, plan, fear, hate, like, love, prefe
6、r, cant stand可接V+ ing或不定式作宾语，意义无多大区别。,Everyone hates waiting / to wait for a bus. 每个人都讨厌等车。 The traffic continued moving / to move slowly. 车辆依然移动得很缓慢。,3) 在remember, forget, regret 等动词后接 V-ing 或不定式作宾语时意义不同。后接 V-ing 形式作宾语表示宾语已经发生的动作，接不定式作宾语表示尚未发生的动作。另有：,try doing 试着干 try to do 企图干,be worth doing 值得做 T
7、his book is worth reading. 这本书值得看。,mean to do 打算 mean doing 意味着 stop doing 停止干 stop to do 停下来去做 go on doing 继续干（无间断, 同一件事） go on to do 继续干 （有间断, 另一件事）,I will remember to mail the letter. 我会记住寄信。 I will remember mailing the letter. 我记得已把信寄出。,I dont mean to cheat him. 我不想骗他。 In some parts of London, m
8、issing a bus means waiting for another hour. 在伦敦的某些地方，错过一辆公共汽车意味着再等一个小时。,4) 当 want, need, require 作“需要”解, be worth 作“值得”解时，后接V-ing的主动形式作宾语，表示被动意义, want, need, require 也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。 His car wants repairing (to be repaired). 他的汽车需要修理。,5) allow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后直接跟所有格及动词作宾语时，要用V-ing形式；如果后面有名
9、词或代词作宾语，然后再跟宾语补足语（即构成复合宾语），其宾语补足语用带to的不定式。 I dont allow his swimming here. I dont allow him to swim here. 我不允许他在此地游泳。,6) Id like/love/prefer后只接不定式作宾语。 I would like to have a single room with a bath. 我想要有浴室的单人房。 Little Jim would love to be taken to the theatre this evening. 小吉姆今晚愿被带到戏院去看戏。,巩固练习：,1. I
10、 can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed,C,2. The light in the office is still on. Oh, I forgot_ A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off,C,3. I would appreciate _ back this afternoon. A. you
11、 to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre calling,C,4. How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? A. To take B. take C. taking D. to be taking,C,5. I must apologize for _ ahead of time. That all right. A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not
12、you know,B,6. You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. Well, now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done,D,7. He has always insisted on his _ Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner. A. been called B. called C. having called D. being called,D,8. Do you mind _
13、alone at home? A. Jane leaving B. Jane having left C. Janes being left D. Jane to be left,C,9. She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden. A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in,D,10. Once your business becomes international, _ constantly will be part of your life. A. y
14、ou fly B. your flight C. flight D. flying,D,11. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded,C,12. What do you think made Mary so upset? _ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D.
15、 Because of losing,C,13. Let me tell you something about the journalists. Dont you remember _the story yesterday? A. told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told,B,14. One learns a language by making mistakes and _them. A. correct B. correcting C. corrects D. to correct,B,15. Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _. A. hed like to collect coin as well B. he feels like collecting coins, too C. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure,D,(4) 作宾语补足语,V-ing作宾补表明宾语正在进行的动作。可以带V-ing作宾补的动词有：find, see, hear, watch, hav
