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1、,Lesson 2,Lesson 2,名词从句的基本知识,1,定义： 用句子来充当主、宾、表、同位语，这样的从句就是名词性从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,名词从句的基本知识,从句子到名词性从句 1.1从陈述句到名词性从句 在陈述句句首加上that即可。 That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. 【注意】为什么要加that？That是个“指路牌” 。,名词从句的基本知识,从句子到名词性从句 1.1从陈述句到名词性从句 在陈述句句首加上that即可。 试一试：谁更明了？ The criminal c
2、onfessed his sins harmed many people. The criminal confessed that his sins harmed many people.,名词从句的基本知识,从句子到名词性从句 1.2 从一般疑问句到名词性从句 先把疑问句的倒装语序变成陈述语序 再在句首加上whether或if Will people live on the moon someday? My question is if/whether people will live on the moon someday.,名词从句的基本知识,从句子到名词性从句 1.3 从特殊疑问句到宾
3、语从句 语序变倒装为陈述 Why did the dinosaurs become extinct? Why the dinosaurs became extinct is still a mystery. 特殊疑问词作主语时，不用再更改句子语序 Who will host the meeting? Who will host the meeting depends on the sponsor.,名词从句的基本知识,Whether or If? whether可放在句首，if不能 Whether he comes or not is not my business. If he comes
4、or not is not my business. (不能用if),名词从句的基本知识,Whether or If? whether可以直接与or not，or no连用，但if不能这样。(不能说if or not，但可以说ifor not) I dont know whether or not he comes. I dont know if he comes or not. I dont know if or not he comes.（错）,名词从句的基本知识,Whether or If? whether可以直接与介词连用，但if不能这样。 It depends on whether
5、you can do the job well. The meeting is about whether we should raise the investment.,名词从句的基本知识,Whether or If? 当有歧义时，要区分慎用两者。 Tell me if you want to come. Tell me whether you want to come. 【注意】if有“是否”和“如果”的意思.,名词从句的基本知识,小结： that 不作成分，没有意义，宾语从句中可以省去 whether & if 不作成分，但有意义“是否”，不能省去 特殊疑问词 做成分，有意义，不能省去,
6、名词从句的基本知识,名词从句解题思路,2,1.) 从句中不缺成分，选that 2.) 从句中缺少主语，宾语，表语(且表语指人或物)选择what, who, whom, which 3.) 从句不缺少主语，宾语，表语，则根据句义,缺什么成份就补什么成份,选择其他连词(wh-词),名词从句解题思路,An old Chinese saying goes _ the early birds catch the worm. a. when b. what c. which d. that 【d】 _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
7、 【全国高考】 a. What b. That c. The fact d. The matter 【a】 _ the 2016 Olympic Games will be held in Brazil is not known yet. a. Whenever b. If c. Whether d. That 【全国高考】 【c】,名词从句解题思路,主语从句,3,3.1 用that引导 That the moon itself doesnt give off light is common knowledge. 月球本身不发光是一个常识。 【注意】用it作形式主语置于句首的，而真正的主语从句
8、放于句末。 上句可改为： It is common knowledge that the moon itself doesnt give off light.,主语从句,3.2 用whether或if（当用it作形式主语时）、特殊疑问词引导 Whether he comes or not makes no difference to me. 用it做形式主语： It makes no difference to me whether/if he comes or not. September 11, 2001 started out as an ordinary day, but what h
9、appened that morning will be forever impressed in memories.,主语从句,2.2 用whether或if（当用it作形式主语时）、特殊疑问词引导 练习：翻译 一个人如何掌握自己的命运比他的命运是什么更重要。 How a person masters his fate is more important than what his fate is.,主语从句,2.3 用because引导 由“(Just) because+从句+does not mean (that)”构成。 Something which seems valuable a
10、t first may turn out to be worthless. Example: ”All that glitters is not gold.” Just because something appears valuable does not mean that it really is so.,主语从句,2.3 用because引导 练习：翻译 你穿上了名牌并不就意味着你有品位了。 Just because you wear expensive clothes doesnt mean (that) you are of good taste.,主语从句,_ he referre
11、d to in his article was unknown to the general reader. A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where 【07上海】 【B】 _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account. 【08湖南】 A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires 【C】 It is obvious to the
12、students _ they should get well prepared for their future. 【09天津】 A. as B. which C. whether D. whoever 【C】,主语从句练习,_ was important to her, she told me, was her family. A. It B. This C. What D. As 【08山东】 【A】 _ he was absent, I was expected to take his place greatly surprised me, for I didnt have much
13、experience. 【2010江苏】 A. If B. If that C. That if D. That 【C】 _ is responsible for this accident will be punished. 【09福建】 A. Who B. Whoever C. The one D. No matter who 【B】,主语从句练习,宾语从句,4,宾语从句做哪些词的宾语呢？,宾语从句,4.1 vt.+宾语从句 Have you decided whom you will go with to the party? Everyone knows that money does
14、nt grow on trees.,宾语从句,4.1 vt.+宾语从句 练习：美文翻译 Ive learnt that love, not time, heals all wounds. Ive learnt that everyone you meet deserves to be greeted with a smile. Ive learnt that theres nothing sweeter than sleeping with your babies and feeling their breath on your cheeks. 我明白了，是爱，而不是时间能治愈一切创伤。我明白
15、了，你遇到的每一个人都值得你以笑脸相迎。我明白了，世间最美好的事莫过于你睡在孩子身边，感受着他们飘散在你脸庞上的呼吸。,宾语从句,4.2 prep.+宾语从句 通常宾语从句由wh-词引导包括how Most companies nowadays focus on what youve got, not on who you are or how you get it.,宾语从句,4.2 prep.+宾语从句 练习 I will give this dictionary to _ wants to have it. a. whomever b. someone c. whoever d. anyone 【C】 【注意】whoever在这里相当于anyone who。,宾语从句,4.2 prep.+宾语从句 that引导的宾语从句可做except, in的宾语 He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless. He is differed from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading.
