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1、2015山东省高密市高考英语阅读和短文改错能力练习题（1）有答案完形填空I take a deep breath, cross my fingers and step forward. Am I about to take the leap before bungee-jumping? 1, Im about to cross the road on my way to work. There have been a few2in the press over the last couple of months about“Chinese-style road crossing”. The d
2、efinition of this3is“a large number of people jaywalking(乱穿马路)together because they feel4in a big group”. Crossing the road is a simple task but sometimes it can be time-consuming and dangerous. It can be5to try and rush across the road while the red6is still lit; its only a short distance, whats th
3、e7that can happen? Many pedestrians dont seem to understand the8they are taking. If the lights on green, then most drivers wont pay attention, 9that no one will be crossing the road. If the driver does notice, its possible that they may not have the10stopping distance to be able to stop11hitting the
4、 person. Also, stepping out onto a road at the wrong12causes vehicles to slow down, meaning the cars behind them have to slow down, creating a13effect possibly even a long tailback(车辆长队). 14, it can be difficult to stick to the rules when there is15pedestrian-friendly crossings and it seems that dri
5、vers dont follow the rules, either. Even if the green man is showing, cars are still allowed to turn right at many lights, often turning into large crowds of people16crossing the road. Many times these cars dont slow down, meaning pedestrians have to quickly move out of the way. It also means that p
6、eople17cross the road when they should be allowed tomaybe this is a motivating factor for so-called jaywalkers. Driving a car doesnt mean you have more rights. Its a privilege and with that privilege comes a lot of18. It doesnt seem completely19to punish pedestrians for taking matters into their own
7、 hands on a road system thats designed against them. A rethink of the way pedestrian crossing work and driver education may20a stop to“Chinese-style road crossing”. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述“中国式过马路”的现象、原因及其对交通产生的影响, 并提出了作者自己的看法。1. A. YesB. NoC. WhyD. However【解析】选B。前后照应题。否定前面的问句, 引出下文。2. A. articlesB. sentencesC.
8、 storiesD. persons【解析】选A。前后照应题。下句提到“中国式过马路”的现象, 结合此处信息press, 可推知是在出版物上的“文章”。3. A. wordB. nameC. phraseD. term【解析】选C。词义辨析题。phrase表示(简洁的)说法。term指专业术语, 一般指科技、学术方面的。此句为“中国式过马路”这种说法的定义是。4. A. greatB. happyC. safeD. strong【解析】选C。词义辨析题。“中国式过马路”即“凑够一大群人就过马路”, 因为他们感觉这样有安全感。5. A. temptingB. interestingC. exci
9、tingD. shocking【解析】选A。词义辨析题。tempting指“有诱惑力的”, 往往用于怂恿某人干不正当的事。从整句可知当红灯还亮时, 大家就跃跃欲试, 冲过马路。6. A. boyB. manC. girlD. woman【解析】选B。背景常识题。指红灯, 显示一个红色人形图。7. A. moreB. worstC. betterD. faster【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。the worst最坏的事, 此处表示“最糟糕会发生什么事? ”。8. A. riskB. liftC. lightD. road【解析】选A。固定搭配题。本段主题句, 下文讲到“中国式过马路”的危险性, 故用
10、固定搭配take the risk(冒险)。9. A. hopingB. believingC. guessingD. assuming【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。如果(机动车方向的)绿灯亮着, 司机就会以为没有人会横穿马路。assuming指“假定, 认为(但未能证明)”。10. A. requiredB. requestedC. suggestedD. allowed【解析】选A。词义辨析题。车在刹车后到停止有一定的制动距离, required指“所需的, 规定的”。requested请求的; suggested建议的; allowed允许(某人拥有或某事发生)的, 意思不恰当。11. A.
11、 beforeB. afterC. whenD. while【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据句意可知, 此处为“在之前”。12. A. directionB. timeC. placeD. speed【解析】选B。词义辨析题。在错误的时间行人穿马路会阻碍车辆的行进。at与direction搭配不对, place与speed意思不符合语境。13. A. knock-upB. knock-onC. knock-downD. knock-back【解析】选B。固定搭配题。a knock-on effect连锁反应。14. A. On the one handB. On the other handC.
12、 On the contraryD. On this occasion【解析】选B。固定搭配题。上段谈到“中国式过马路”的危害性, 此段又为此种过马路方式辩护。on the other hand另一方面, 用于比较不同或相对立的事实或想法。15. A. a lot ofB. a great deal ofC. a lack ofD. a number of【解析】选C。短语辨析题。pedestrian crossings人行道, -friendly方便的。当缺乏方便行人过马路的人行道时, 要遵守交通规则就难了。16. A. safelyB. slowlyC. worriedlyD. legal
13、ly【解析】选D。词义辨析题。此句解释“中国式过马路”现象产生的一个原因是绿灯亮, 行人照理应该可以走, 但车辆此时右转, 就必然开进人群。legally合法地, 依照法律地。17. A. cantB. shouldntC. wontD. mustnt【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。此句进一步解释。句意: 行人在(绿灯亮时)该允许走时, 却不能走(因为右转弯的车子阻碍了他们), 这就导致了“中国式过马路”。18. A. responsibilityB. possibilityC. personalityD. reality【解析】选A。词义辨析题。根据上下文可知, 作者认为开车并非意味着有更多特权(
14、车与行人都有路权), 但这种特权必定有相应的责任。responsibility责任; possibility可能性; personality性格; reality现实。19. A. severeB. mildC. fairD. unjust【解析】选C。前后照应题。take. . . into ones hands意为“擅自处理”。句意: 行人因自行处理(即选择“中国式过马路”方式)不合理的道路系统而受惩罚, 这似乎并不公平。20. A. addB. putC. setD. attach【解析】选B。固定搭配题。固定搭配put a stop to sth. 意为“停止”。阅读下列短文, 从给的
15、四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013湖北，E)A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 Germans between ages 18 and 96. The su
