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1、哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文- I -光纤光栅压力传感实验摘要光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)是国际上新兴的一种在光纤通讯、光纤传感等光电子处理领域有着广泛应用前景的基础性光纤器件。当前 FBG 的制作与应用研究成为世界各国光纤技术研究的热点和重点。光纤布拉格光栅传感器是利用 Bragg 波长对温度、应变的敏感特性制成的一种新型光纤传感器，它具有抗电磁干扰、精度高、长期稳定性好、能多点分布检测等优点，在大型复合材料和混凝土的结构监测、智能材料的性能监测、电力工业、医药和化工等领域有着广阔的应用前景。对压力的测量是光纤光栅传感器的重要应用之一。研究表明，光纤光栅传感特性稳定，是理想的压力传感元件。经实验证
2、明该光纤光栅压力传感器具有良好的灵敏性、线性和重复性，且有比较快的响应速度。本文对光纤光栅压力传感技术进行了研究。关键词 光纤布拉格光栅；压力；传感器哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文- II -Optical fiber Bragg grating sensor experiment pressureAbstract The Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG) is a new fiber-optical device, and is widespread used in fiber-optic communications ,fiber sensing, and so on. At
3、present, the fabrication and application of FBG is the focus and priority of fiber-optical technology studies in the world. Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG) sensor, which uses the property that the Bragg wavelength is sensitive to temperature and strain, is a new kind of fiber optic sensor. In addition to h
4、aving the same functions as the traditional electric sensors, the FBG sensor also has some special characteristics such as distributed sensing, immune to electromagnetic interference, high precision and long-term stability. So it has widely applicable perspective in many fields such as the structure
5、 monitoring of large compound material and concrete, the performance monitoring of the intelligent materials, electrical power industry, medicine industry, chemical engineering etc. Stress measurement is an important kind application of FBG sensing. According to the researches, FBG has stable sensin
6、g properties, and it is an ideal kind of stress sensing element. It has been proved by the experiment that the responsibility、linearity and repeatability of the FBG stress sensor are good. Some work done in this paper.Keywords FBG；pressure；sensor哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文- III -目录摘要 .IAbstract.II第 1 章 绪论 .11.1 课
7、题背景 .11.2 光纤传感器 .11.3 压力传感器 .61.4 光纤布拉格光栅压力传感器发展现状 .71.5 论文研究内容 .8第 2 章 光纤光栅的传感原理 .92.1 光纤光栅的结构 .92.2 光纤光栅的成栅方法 .102.2.1 横向干涉法 .102.2.2 相位掩膜成栅技术 .102.2.3 逐点写入法 .112.2.4 在线成栅法 .112.2.5 光纤刻槽拉伸法 .122.2.6 聚焦离子束写入光纤光栅 .122.3 光纤布拉格光栅的传感原理 .122.3.1 光纤光栅的温度特性 .132.3.2 光纤光栅的应力特性 .142.3.3 光纤光栅的压力特性 .152.4 本章小结 .16第 3 章 光纤光栅压力传感实验 .173.1 光纤光栅压力传感器的设计要求 .173.2 光纤光栅压力传感系统 .173.2.1 宽带光源 .173.2.2 光耦合器 .173.2.3 压力传感器 .183.2.4 解调仪 .183.3 压力传感器实验原理 .193.4 光纤光栅压力传感实验 .193.5 本章小结 .21结论 .
