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1、重庆大学版 高一(2) Unit 4,Grammar,The passive Voice (2),Studying the rule,Read the following sentences, paying attention to the colored parts. 1) The 30th Olympic Games will be held in London in 2012. 2) Marys electronic dictionary must have been stolen.,3) George Bush was elected the President of USA in 1
2、988. 4) The wounded are being sent to the hospital. 5)The debt has been paid off.,Finding the rule,From above sentences, you may find that the passive voice can be used in various tenses and with modal verbs.,Fill in the following tables and you will have a clearer idea of the passive voice.,are,is
3、being,has been,have been,was,were being,will have been,had been,will be,had been,will be,Fill in the following blanks and you will have a clearer idea of the passive voice.,Nobody can foretell the future. -The future _ by nobody. They say that a fuel explosion may have caused the crash. -The crash _
4、 by a fuel explosion.,can be foretold,may have been caused,Kates company might give her a new office. -Kate might be given a new office by her company. Students should memorize English verbs. -Enlish verbs should be memorized by students. She ought to look after her children better. -Her children ou
5、ght to be looked after by her.,Change the following sentences into passive forms.,1) The school doesnt allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2) The student didnt forget his lessons easily. His lessons werent easily for
6、gotten by the students.,3) The manager said they would have completed the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would have been completed by the end of the year. 4) The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcast by the radio.,5) This time last y
7、ear we were planting trees here. This time last year trees were being planted by us here.,使用被动语态的几种情况： 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。 e.g. Football is played all over the world. 二、不易找到或者就根本不可能找到动作的执行者时候。 e.g. My bike was stolen. 三、汉语中含有“据说”“据悉”“有人说”“大家说”等时。,e.g. it was reported that his mother died of
8、 SARS. It is well known that 众所周知 It is supposed that 据推测说 四、汉语中含有“被”“由”等词时。 e.g. Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao. 五、某些句子习惯上有被动语态。 e.g. He was born in October, 1989.,六、表示礼貌时。 e.g. You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8:00 p.m. tomorrow.,不用被动语态的情况,1.及物动词作不及物用副词 （hardly, easily
9、, badly, nicely, well, smoothly）等时。常用动词有act, add, bend, close, lock, cut, begin, move, open, read, sell, teach, translate, wash, wear, write等，主语往往是物而不是人。 e.g. The pen write well. Wood burns easily.,2. 不用被动语态的动词及词组。 Come about, occur, break out, belong to, happen, consist of, succeed, fail, add up to
10、, take place, come into being, cost, set sail for, take part in, give out, come true, lose heart, play a part in,3. 系动词无被动语态： appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn e.g. It sounds good. 4. 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：die, death, dream, l
11、ive, life。 e.g. She dreamed a bad dream last night.,5. 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。 e.g.(对) She likes to swim. (错) To swim is liked by her.,1. 感官动词或某些使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to，但变为被动语态时须加上to。 e.g. The little boy was made to do a difficult job. He was seen to enter the classroom. 2. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，
12、而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。,被动语态的特殊结构,e.g. The child was taken care of by his grandmother. 3. 完成进行时和将来进行时都不存在被动语态，如确需使用被动形式则用完成时态或一般时态代替。如： We have been talking about the matter for an hour. The matter has been talked about for an hour.,We will be talking about the matter this evening. The matter will be talked
13、about this evening.,一些常见的不能变为被动语态的动宾词组：,catch a cold 感冒 eat ones words 食言 lose heart 丧失信心 lose patience失去耐心 make a face 做鬼脸 make up ones mind 下决心 make bed 铺床 make room for 为腾出地方 keep watch 守望,keep silence 保持安静 speak ones mind表明见解 take place 发生 take ones time从容不迫，别着急 take office 就职 take ones leave 请假
14、 take notes 作笔记 take up arms 拿起武器 take ones place 就位,巩固练习： 1. _ the work _ by Lily or by Tom? Tell me the truth, please. A. Has; finished B. Has; being finished C. Is; finished D. Has; been finished,2. _ the sports meet might be put off. Yes, it all depends on the weather. A. Ive been told B. Ive to
15、ld C. Im told D. I told 3. The film _ in this cinema now. Why dont you go in and see it? A. is showing B. is being shown C. is shown D. shows,4. In our school, library books _ in two weeks. A. is returned B. must return C. will return D. must be returned 5. The river _ by industrial wastes. A. have
16、poisoned B. have been poisoned C. has poisoned D. has been poisoned,高考链接,1.（09北京，27）The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated,【答案】B 【解析】考查时态和语态的用法。The guests与treat之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。,2（2009福建，22） -Why does the Lake sm
