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1、29连词和介词,连 词 conjunction,连词是一种虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成分。用来连接词，短语，从句与句子。,连词主要可分为两类： 并列连词 从属连词,并列连词表示词，短语， 从句或句子之间具有并列关系。 可以表示平行关系，转折关系，选择关系 和因果关系。,and (和) both and（和,两者都） neither nor（既不也不） not only but also(不但 而且) as well as (和, 也, 除外, 而且),1.表示平行关系的连词：,as well (也,而且,) 用于句末.,他是一个科学家, 而且也是一个诗人.,He is a scientist,
2、 but he is a poet as well.,He is a scientist as well as a poet.,他们也会来吗?,Are they coming as well?,2.表示转折关系的连词:,but while (而, 虽然) yet (可是) however (而) whereas (而) nevertheless(然而, 不过),3.表示选择关系的连词,or(或则,否则) or else(否则) otherwise(要不然) eitheror(或者 或者)rather than (而不是),4.表示因果关系的连词,so for thus(因此) hence （因
3、此） therefore （因此）consequently（因而，所以）,二.从属连词是用来引导连接主句和从句的连词。 分为引导名词性从句的连词和引导状语 从句的连词。,1. 引导名词性的从句,(1). that,whether,if 不充当成分.,(2). 连接代词 who, whom, which, what 充当主, 宾, 定, 表语等.,(3). 连接副词 when, where, how, why 状语.,2. 引导状语从句的连词,(1). 时间: when, while, as 当时 when+瞬间,延续性动词 while+延续性动词 as+瞬间,延续性动词 “一边一边” till
4、/until, once, as soon as(一就), the moment/instant(一就), no sooner than hardly when the moment,(2). 原因: as because for since,For语气最弱, 引导的分句放在句末. Because 语气最强, 句首,句末均可. As(因为) 置于句首. Since(既然) 通常置于句首.,(3). 地点: where, wherever,(4). 条件: if, unless= if not, so/as long as suppose(that)假使 on condition that如果
5、provided/ providing (that) 倘使, 如果,now that(既然) considering that,(5). 让步: though/ although不与but连用. as(尽管), even if/ though (即使) however(无论怎样), whatever no matter how/ who/ which,Although/though 和as(尽管) 的区别: Although/though引导的从句用正常语序. As 引导的从句用倒装语序, 即把as从句中的表语,状语或动词原形提至主语前.,尽管天气冷,可他仍继续工作.,Though it wa
6、s cold, he went on working.,= Cold as it is , he went on working.,尽管你读得快, 你也不能在三天内读完这本书.,Fast as you read, you cant finish reading the book in three days.,Although you read fast, you cant finish reading the book in three days.,不管他怎样努力, 还是摆脱不了困难.,Try as he might, he could nt get rid of the difficulty
7、.,介词,By Chunhui Middle School Ivan Fang,一 表示地点时 at, in, on 的区别 1 My uncle lives _ 116 Changhe Street. His room is _ the sixth floor. A. at; on B. to; at C. on; in D. of; to Notes: at 表示在较小的地方(村庄, 小城镇,门牌); 在某物旁(不确定的地方) in 表示在较大的地方(国家,城市); 在某物范围内.(地点 的排列顺序是由小到大. on 表示在某物上(表面接触); road 前用on, street前用 in
8、/on; 楼层用on; farm前用on, field前用in.,A,二 表示时间时 at, in, on的区别 2 The train leaves _ 6:00pm, so I have to be at the station _ 5:40 at the latest. A. at; until B. for; after C. at; by D. before; around 3 The old man died _ cold _ a cold night. A. from; at B. of; in C. of; on D. for; during 4 The railway was
9、 opened _ traffic _ April 4, 1985. A. to; on B. to; in C. by; on D. for; on at表示时间点(在几点,中午;午夜;夜里;某日期或一段时 间的开头或结尾)(at sunrise; at the weekend; at Christmas) on 表示在特定的某一天或某天的上午,下午,晚上等 in 表示一段时间.后接月,年,季等表一段时间的名词.,C,C,A,三 表持续时间的since, for, in, after的区别 5 His father will be back from London _ a few days.
10、 A. since B. in C. on D. after 6 - How long has the bookshop been in business? - _ 1987. A. After B. In C. From D. Since 7 The touch they had both kept in _ many years broke. A. for B. on C. into D. with since 接过去的某时间点, 常用于完成时. for 接一段具体的时间, 常用于完成时. in + 一段时间与非延续性动词连用,表一段时间以后,多 用于将来时; 与延续性动词连用,表一段时间
11、内,时态不限. after + 一段时间,常用于过去时.,B,D,A,四 表方位的介词in, on, to, off的区别 8 Guangdong lies _ the south of China and Fujian is _ the east of it. Hainan is _ the coast of the mainland. A. in; in; on B. in; on; off C. on; to; on D. in; to; away in 表示在境内. on 表示相邻或在边界上, 不在境内. to 表示在境外, 不接壤. off 表示在海面上靠近海岸的地方.,B,五 表示
12、运动方向或目的的介词 9 _ the gate and youll find the entrance _ the park _ the other side. A. Through; to; on B. Along; of; on C. Down; to; at D. Up; of; by 10 Early _ the morning of May 1, we started off _ the mountain village. A. in; for B. in; to C. on; / D. on; for across 表示穿过物体表面,或横过. through 表示在某一空间通过,或
13、纵向穿过. along 表示沿着一条线平行. up 表示向上,由南到北,由东到西,由沿海到内陆,由小地方到大地方,由农村到城市. 反之则用down. to 表示动作的目的地; towards指朝向,无到达的意思; for表示前往的目的,连用的动词有leave, start off, set out, head, sail 等.,A,D,六 表示除- 之外的介词 11 He usually goes to work on time _. A. except for raining days B. besides it rains C. but that it rains D. except on
14、 rainy days besides 表示包含, 除 - 之外还有- except 表示排除, 除 - 之外 but 表示排除, 多与nobody, none, no one, nothing, anything, everyone, all, who 等连用. except for 表示除去整体中的部分, “只是, 只不过” _ basketball, I like playing Pingpang. You have no choice _ work hard. Li Long is a good student _ his laziness.,D,Besides,but,except
15、for,七 介词 among 和 between 的区别 12 He divided the sweets _ the children who were divided _ three groups. A. in; in B. into; into C. between; in D. among; into among 表示三个或以上的人或物之间,后接复数名词或 集体名词. between 用于两者之间, 或三个以上的两两之间(具体的 名词已经列出) He divided the sweets _ L Nl, L Cl and Y Mh.,D,between,八 表示价格,比率,标准,速度的介词 at 表示价值，价格, 比率或速度, 表单价. for 表示交换, 指总价钱 by 表示度量单位或标准. 后接表计量单位的名词一般是单数,前面需加定冠词the. 数词或复数名词前不加. We are flying _ a speed of 400kms/hr. I bought these books _ 5 dollars each. I bought these books _
