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1、初二下英语重点复习,语法、句型、词汇,宾语从句,考查要点 位置 连词 语序 时态 否定前移 与疑问词+to do的关系 辨别：if/when; if/whether,宾语从句的位置,怎样判断出一个从句是宾语从句？ 1. 在动词后作宾语(动宾): Do you know where he comes from? 划线部分是动词know的宾语. 2.在有些接双宾结构的动词后作宾语: He asked me when we would leave. 此句中me与从句when-分别是ask的宾语。 3.在介词后作宾语(介宾)： Lets talk about how we solve this pro
2、blem. 4.在Im sorry, Im afraid, Im sure等结构后的句子也被认为是宾语从句.,宾语从句的连词,1、主句+that（无词义，可省略）+从句（陈述句语序） 2、主句+whether / if （是否）+从句（陈述句语序） 3、主句+疑问词+从句（陈述句语序） 疑问词包括疑问代词（what, which, who, whose) 和疑问副词（when, how, where, why)。,宾语从句的时态,宾语从句需注意的时态问题: 1.主句若是一般现在时，从句根据不同情况用不同时态。 He says (that) he will have a walk soon. （
3、soon指将来，从句用将来时） The teacher asks who is the cleverest in the school. （暗指目前谁最聪明，从句用现在时） I want to know who came here late this morning. （今早已过去，从句用过去时） 2.主句若是一般过去时，从句也要用过去时。 He wondered if I would come. She told me that her son had got well. She said that she liked watching TV. We thought Jim was wron
4、g. 3.无论主句是何时态，从句若表客观真理，要用一般现在时。 Mr. Li said the moon is smaller than the earth.,宾语从句的语序,宾语从句无论有何引导词，句子都要用陈述句语序。 Could you tell me when you will get back to Wuhan?（不是will you） Do you know which sweater she is wearing? (不是is she),辨别,“when”的用法： “when”既可以引导宾语从句，又可以引导时间状语从句。 (1) “when” 引导宾语从句时译为 “何时，什么时候
5、”。如： I dont know when he will come. 我不知道他什么时候会来。 (2) “when” 引导时间状语从句时译 为 “当时”。如： Patients can find us easily when they are in need. 当病人有需要时，他们能够很容易地就找到我们。,辨别,“ if ”引导的宾语从句时意为 “是否”。 “ if ”引导条件状语从时，意为 “如果”。 如：（1）I want to know if its polite to smoke during a meal in France.我想知道在法国吃饭时抽烟是否有礼貌。 ( 2) If a
6、 fat person enters your shop, youd better ask him or her to a coat in a dark color. 如果有一个比较胖的人进到你的店里，你最好让他（她）试深色的衣服。,辨别,whether与if引导宾语从句时，一般可以通用。但在下列情况下，whether不可换if。 (1) Whether后面紧跟有or not时。 如：I dont know whether or not it rains.我不知道是否会下雨。 (2) whether 用在带有to的动词不定式之前。如：Please tell us whether to go o
7、r stay. 请告诉我们是去还是留。,疑问词+不定式,“疑问代词或疑问副词+不定式”相当于名词性短语，在句中作主语，宾语和表语。如： When to start has not been decided.(作主语） The question is how to carry out the plan.(作表语） I dont know whether to accept it or not.(作宾语） 这种结构可以和宾语从句互相转换。如： I dont know what to do.=I dont know what I should do.,练习,1. In the bookshop, a
8、 reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if 2. I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us. He will help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where 3. We never know _ the old m an is. They say he is a teacher. A. what B. who C. w
9、hich D. where 4. I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when 5. Do you know _ Im going to see him. Sorry, I dont know. A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived,练习,6. W he
10、re do you think _ he _ the computer Sorry, I have no idea. A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy 7. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what the matter was D. what wrong was 8. Where is Jack He is away to spend his holiday. Hes
11、 gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but Im not sure _ . A. that B. which C. where D. there,否定前移,在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时，应转移到主句上去。(注: 否定前移的条件是，主句主语是第一人称) eg. I dont think you are right . I dont believe they have finished their work yet.,状语从句,while+主语+be do
12、ing though/although与but because与so because与because of sothat so that suchthat asas/notso (as)as 主将从现,状语从句,While I was walking down the street yesterday, I saw a UFO. 昨天我在街上散步的时候，看见了飞碟。 He ran so fast that we couldnt follow him. 他跑得太快，我们跟不上。 The desk is so heavy that I cant carry it. 这张桌子太重，我搬不动。 The
13、 baby is so young that he cant walk. 这个小孩太小，还不会走路。,sothat 有时可以换成 “such a/an 形容词名词”句型。,The book is so interesting that I read it in one breath. =It is such an interesting book that I read it in one breath. 当名词被many, much , little, few等修饰时，一般用 so,而不用 such。如： I have so much work to do that I have no ti
14、me to rest.,主将从现,当主句为将来时态或含有将来意义时，时间状语从句习惯上要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。 I will come to see you if I have time. 我有时间，我就来看你。 If the rain stops, I shall go out for a walk. 如果雨停了，我就出去散步。 Do it before you forget.（祈使句） 趁早动手，免得忘了。 If we ride at night, we should have lights on the bicycle or wear light- color
15、ed clothes.（含情态动词） 如果在晚上骑车，我们应该使用车灯或穿浅色的衣服 。,动词不定式,肯定式：to do sth. 否定式: not to do sth. 省略to的不定式：听观感使让帮，请最好不带to为什么不呢？ 疑问词+不定式：what to do/how to do it Its+ adj.+ (for sb.) +to do sth. tooto do sth. in order to do sth. allow/advise sb. (not) to do sth.,比较级,much/a little/even+比较级+than 比较级 + and +（同一）比较级
16、more and more + 多音节原级 The +比较级, the +比较级,最高级,(the)+最高级 + in/of短语 one of the +最高级+复数名词,并列结构,bothand eitheror neithernor not onlybut also,动词ing短语,be worth/busy doing go on doing stopfrom doing feel like doing have fun doing cant help doing avoid doing finish doing enjoy/like/love doing be/get used to doing look forward to doing come into being,词义辨析,cost/take/pay/spend reach/arri
