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1、第七章 倒装句,倒装句讲解 一、概说 英语句子的主语通常位于谓语动词之前，这种语序被称为正常语序。但有时出于修辞或某种特殊语法结构的需要，需将谓语动词放在主语之前，这种语序叫倒装语序。倒装可分为两类：部分倒装和完全倒装。前者指主语和助动词倒置，后者指主语和谓语完全倒置。 1In came a man with a white beard.(是完全倒装) 2At no time will China ever behave like a superpower.(是部分倒装),二、部分倒装 构成部分倒装的主要情形有 1含否定意义的词(如：never，hardly，seldom，little，few
2、，not until，not，not only，no sooner，not a single ，no longer，nowhere，by no means，at no time，neither，nor等)置于句首时，句子用倒装。,【例1】 I cant see the picture well from here. _. AI cant, too BNor I can CNeither can I DNeither cant I 答案 C 【例2】 They have a good knowledge of English but little _ they know about German
3、. Ahave Bdid Cdo D不填 答案 C,【例3】 Not only _ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest in it. Athe teacher himself is；are all his students Bthe teacher himself is；are all his students Cis the teacher himself；are all his students Dis the teacher himself；all his students are 答案 D,2so表示前面
4、所说的情况也适合于另一个人或物时，意为“也一样”，用“so助动词主语”这样的倒装句式。若讲述的情况属于同一个人或物时，意为“的确如此”，主谓不倒装。 【例4】 You seem to be an actor. _.Ive played many roles in a lot of films. ASo do I BSo am I CSo I do DSo I am 答案 D,【例5】 David has made great progress recently. _， and _. ASo he has；so have you BSo he has；so you have CSo has he
5、；so have you DSo has he；so you have 答案 A,3only加状语(即： 副词/介词短语/状语从句等)放在句首时，主句用部分倒装。 【例6】 Only when _ as an interpreter _ how important it was to practise speaking English. AI worked；I realized Bdid I work；did I realize CI work；did I realize DI worked；did I realize 答案 D,【例7】 _ can you expect to get a p
6、ay rise. AWith hard work BAlthough work hard COnly with hard work DNow that he works hard 答案 C 【例8】 Only then _ the work of reconstruction _ begun. Acould；be B不填；could be C不填；is Dwere；不填 答案 A,4当虚拟条件句含有were，should，had时，可省略if，将were，should，had置句首。 【例9】 _ in your position, I would go. AIs I BWere I CIf
7、was I DIf I am 答案 B 【例10】 _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Summer Palace. AWere BShould CWould DWill 答案 B,【例11】 _ for your help, wed never have been able to get over the difficulties. AHad it not BIf it were not CHad it not been DHad it been not 答案 C,5so / such.that结构中，将
8、so / such.置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 【例12】 So carelessly _ that he almost killed himself. Ahe drives Bhe drove Cdoes he drove Ddid he drive 答案 D,【例13】 Such a moving film _ that they were all lost in thought after it was over. Ait was Bwas it Cthere was Dwas there 答案 B,三、完全倒装 构成完全倒装的情形主要有 1以now，then，here，there，
9、out，in，up，down，off，away等副词开头的句子，且句子主语是名词时，句子常用完全倒装。若主语为代词，则不用倒装。 【例14】 Is everyone here? Not yet.Look, there _ the rest of our guests！(2010江苏) Acome Bcomes Cis coming Dare coming 答案 A,【例15】 _ and caught the mouse. AUp the cat jumped BThe cat up jumped CUp jumped the cat DJumped up the cat 答案 C 【例16】
10、 _ with his slippers on when he heard the terrible noise. ARushed he out BOut rushed he COut he rushed DOut did he rush 答案 C,2将表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首加以强调时，后面通常用倒装语序。 【例17】 Along the rocky shores of New England _ and tidal marsh. Aare where stretches of sandy beach Bstretches of sandy beach are there Ca
11、re stretches of sandy beach Dstretches of sandy beach are 答案 C,【例18】 On the ground _ which had gone into the cave to die. Aan old sick goat lies Blay an old sick goat Claid an old sick goat Dan old sick goat lying 答案 B,四、另类倒装 1as引导的让步状语从句中，必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。若提前的表语是单数名词，一般不用冠词。 【例19】 The air was co
12、ld, _. Athough the sun bright Balthough was the sun bright Cbright as the sun was Das the sun was bright 答案 C,【例20】 _， he couldnt make himself heard. AShout as he might BAs he might shout CShout as might he DShout although he might 答案 A 【例21】 _， he wont do such a thing. AA fool as he is BFool as he
13、is CFoolish man as is he DA real fool as is he 答案 B,2当such用作表语放到句首时，通常采用倒装语序。 【例22】 _ that you want. ASuch is the books BSuch are the books CThe books is such DThe book are such 答案 B,3有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装。 【例23】 _ all over the hill and around the lake _ of different colors. AGrowing；are wild flowers BTo grow；are wild flowers CGrown；is wild flowers Dhaving grown；wild flower is 答案 A,
