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1、宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。 主句是复合句的主体，从句在全句中充当什么成分， 就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。,了解宾语从句,.,My friend said that he would go to America the next week. 主句 引导词 从句 He asked where Jim had been. 主句 引导词 从句 Do you know how I can get to the bus station? 主句 引导词 从句 I dont know if he will come. 主句 引导词 从
2、句,考点揭密,宾语从句在主从复合句中作宾语,中考考点设置,1.宾语从句的三种类型及其引导词的选择。 (1)以that引导(that无词义常可省略)。（原来是陈述句） (2)以if 或whether引导(意为“是否”)。（原来是一般疑问句）(3)以连接代词或连接副词（即特殊疑问词）引导。 （原来是特殊疑问） ,中考考点设置,2.宾语从句的时态： (1).主句是一般过去时，从句用过去时的一种。 (2).主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选用任何时态。 (3).如果从句叙述的是客观事实或客观真理，则时态不随主句改 变，永远用一般现在时。 The teacher said that the earth
3、moves around the sun. 3.宾语从句的语序，即从句部分应为陈述句语序。 陈述语序就是 ：主语+谓语+其它 4.宾语从句与特殊疑问词+动词不定式的转换 I dont know how I can learn English well. 从句 I dont know how to learn English well. 特殊疑问词+动词不定式,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分， 在口语当中往往省略,e.g. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来） He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们） The
4、 teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves around the sun,He asked _. （ 谁能回答这个问题） Do you know _? （他们在等谁） Could you tell me_? （我该怎么去车站） 4. Would you tell me_? （为什么火车迟到了）,who could answer this question,whom they are waiting for,how I can get
5、to the station,由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接 副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句,why the train is late,由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句,e.g. 1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我们一起去公园） 2. Ask him _. （他是否能来） 3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨）,if (whether) he will go to the park with us,whether (if) he can come,whether it
6、is going to rain or not,当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,直接引语变间接引语,陈述句变为that引导的宾语从句,e.g. 1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”.,He said that I was younger than him.,He says that Tom is a good student.,直接引语变间接引语,一般疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句,e.g. She asked, “ Do you
7、 often come here to read newspaper? ” “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked.,She asked if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper.,He asked if (whether) they would go to visit the Great Wall.,直接引语变间接引语,e.g. 1. He asked, “Where do you live?” 2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he
8、 asked.,He asked where I lived.,He asked how we could get to the post-office.,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members
9、of the Party since 1948. (be) He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do) The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk) I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be),will be,goes,were playing,have returned,had been,travels,are talk
10、ing,were,were doing,10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write) 11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take) 13. Ling Feng told me that he _ there several times. (be) 14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the
11、east. (rise) 15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do),wrote,moves,has taken,had been,rises,did,将下列句子合并为一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He s
12、aid. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. 6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,Jim
13、 asked if he was doing his homework.,7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me? 9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? 10. “Where is Tom?” They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,Would y
14、ou tell me why the train is late?,They asked where Tom was.,典型例题解析,【例2】 Do you know _ I could pass the exam? Sorry,Ive no idea. A.that B.whether C.what D.which ,B,【例1】 Could you tell me _?2003 甘肃省 A.when will Tom come back B.when does Tom come back C.when Tom will come back D.when Tom comes back,C,B,【例3】 Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday?2003 北京海淀区 A.what will Tom do B.what did Tom do C.what Tom will do D.what Tom did,C,【例6】 Mr King didnt know _ yesterday evening.2003 吉林省 A.when does his son come home B.when his son comes home C.when did his son come home
